Analiza možnosti uporabe prečiščene odpadne vode v kmetijstvu

Pavlin, Jakob (author), Glavan, Matjaž (mentor)

Količina površinskih vod za namakanje kmetijskih površin se zaradi naravnih ujm (suš) ter zaradi povečanja potrebe po pridelavi hrane zmanjšuje. Zato se potreba po uporabi prečiščene odpadne vode (POV) z leti povečuje. POV je odpadna voda, ki se pred izpustom očisti v čistilni napravi. V Evropi je uporaba POV za namakanje v kmetijstvu najbolj razširjena v Španiji in Italiji, v Republiki Sloveniji pa se POV za namakanje kmetijskih površin ne uporablja. Kakovost POV, ki se lahko uporabi za namakanje v kmetijstvu, je predpisana v Evropski Uredbi ES 2020/741; predpisanih vrednosti čistilne naprave (ČN) v Republiki Sloveniji ne dosegajo, zato je potrebna nadgradnja sistema. Vsak sistem ponovne uporabe vode je edinstven, ker mora biti zgrajen ustrezno glede na lokalne pogoje. Treba je predvideti način obdelave odpadne vode in potrebne analize, kar je odvisno od končnega namena uporabe odpadne vode. Uporaba POV ne sme imeti negativnih učinkov na tla, rastline ter na javno zdravje. Nadgradnja ČN na način, da se prečiščena voda lahko ponovno uporabi, je povezana tudi s finančnim vložkom, ki je dvojen; investicijski strošek nadgradnje in strošek obratovanja sistema. Strošek mora biti razporejen med vse sektorje, ki imajo od nadgradnje korist, ne samo kmetijskega. Razporeditev finančnega vložka mora biti stimulativna tudi za kmeta, da se bo za uporabo POV pri namakanju v kmetijstvu odločal, kar se bo v prehranski verigi poznalo v zagotovljeni količini kmetijskih pridelkov in njihovi ceni.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: odpadna voda, prečiščena odpadna voda, namakanje, kmetijstvo
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-162306
• COBISS.SI-ID: 208631043
• Publication date in RUL: 21.09.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of the possibility of using treated wastewater in agriculture

Abstract

The availability of surface water for irrigating agricultural land is decreasing due to natural disasters (droughts) and the increasing demand for food production. As a result, the need to use treated wastewater (TWW) has been growing over the years. TWW is wastewater that is treated in a treatment plant before being discharged. In Europe, the use of TWW for irrigation in agriculture is most applied in Spain and Italy; however, in the Republic of Slovenia, TWW is not used for irrigating agricultural land. The quality of TWW that can be used for agricultural irrigation is prescribed in the European Regulation EC 2020/741; however, wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in the Republic of Slovenia do not meet the prescribed standards, making system upgrades necessary. Every water reuse system is unique because it must be tailored to local conditions. It is necessary to anticipate the method of wastewater treatment and required analyses, depending on the final purpose of the wastewater. The use of TWW must not have negative effects on soil, plants or public health (bacterial infections). Upgrading WWTPs to allow for the reuse of treated water is also associated with financial investment, which is twofold: the investment cost of the upgrade and the operating cost of the system. These costs must be distributed among all sectors that benefit, not just agriculture. The distribution of financial investment must also be incentivizing for farmers to opt for using TWW in agricultural irrigation, which will be reflected in the food chain through the ensured quantity of agricultural products and their prices.

• Keywords: wastewater, treated wastewater, irrigation, agriculture