On 24 February 2022, Russia launched a large-scale invasion of Ukraine with the penetration of armed forces, which has grown into a large-scale attack on the country. The war in Ukraine triggered the largest mass exodus of population in Europe since the Second World War, the dynamics of the conflict caused several waves of refugees from the entire territory of Ukraine and numerous internal displacements. The civilian population has been forced to make difficult decisions. The assessment of each individual is the choice of strategy of survival, flight or fight, which does not mean only participation in armed conflict, but is a broad concept that includes various ways, including fighting in a literal sense, but above all adapting and participating in non-violent forms of fight. Every war causes some to flee and others to stay in their homeland, which is influenced by socio-cultural, political and economic factors, the severity of the conflict, and the likelihood that leaving means a better life. Residents of Ukraine fled their homes due to the war and sought refuge in safer regions of Ukraine and abroad. Some two years after the war broke out, more than ten million Ukrainians are unable to return to their homes. Nearly four million are internally displaced, and more than six million have fled their homelands and found refuge around the world. The main purpose of the thesis is to examine the relationship between the socioeconomic status of refugees and the volume and type of migration, and the relationship between the volume of migration and the distance from the conflict zone or the feeling of vulnerability. Studies and empirical research confirm both connections.
|
