Vpliv sončne izpostavljenosti na vitamin D in pojav kožnega raka : diplomsko delo

Kaltak, Lejla (author), Gogova, Tina (mentor), Sotler, Robert (reviewer)

Uvod: Čezmerna izpostavljenost ultravijoličnim žarkom poškoduje kožne celice in povečuje tveganje za nastanek kožnega raka. Kljub temu je sončna svetloba ključna za sintezo vitamina D, ki je bistven za naše zdravje. Zaradi tega je pomemben uravnotežen pristop med varno izpostavljenostjo soncu in zaščito pred škodljivimi učinki ultravijoličnega sevanja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo pregleda literature raziskati potrebno količino vitamina D, ob upoštevanju primerne izpostavljenosti soncu za zmanjšanje tveganja kožnega raka. Metode dela: Za izdelavo diplomskega dela smo naredili pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature v časovnem razponu od leta 2014 do 2024. Iskanje je potekalo v naslednjih bibliografskih zbirkah: Medline (PubMed), CINAHL Ultimate, Trip medical datebase in prek iskalnika Google učenjak. Iskali smo literaturo v angleškem in slovenskem jeziku. Rezultati: S pridobljenimi rezultati in pregledom literature smo ugotovili, kolikšen je optimalen čas izpostavljenosti sončni svetlobi, ki je za posameznika varen pri pridobivanju vitamina D. Predstavili smo dejavnike, ki vplivajo na potreben čas izpostavitve soncu, kot so: pigmentacija kože, količina izpostavljene kože, geografska lega, letni čas in uporaba kreme za sončenje. Razprava in zaključek: Primeren čas dnevne izpostavljenosti za sintezo vitamina D je približno 10–15 min, saj je pogojen tudi z drugimi dejavniki. Glede izpostavljenosti sončni svetlobi je pomembno poudariti koncept »malo in pogosto«. Takšno vedenje omogoča varno in zadostno sintezo vitamina D pri večini posameznikov, obenem pa zmanjšuje nevarnost za poškodbo kože. Posebno pozornost pri izobraževanju in preventivnih dejavnostih bi bilo treba nameniti mladim ter osebam iz nižjih socialno-ekonomskih okolij, saj so lahko bolj dovzetni za neprimerno izpostavljanje soncu. Pomembno je, da kot zdravstveni delavci spodbujamo uporabo sodobnih aplikacij in pripomočkov, ki lahko dokazano spremenijo naše vedenje in hkrati preprečijo neželene posledice.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, melanom, holekalciferol, ergokalciferol, sončna svetloba, preventiva
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Kaltak]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-161106
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 207412739
• Publication date in RUL: 07.09.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effect of sun exposure on vitamin D and skin cancer : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Overexposure to ultraviolet rays damages skin cells and increases the risk of skin cancer. However, sunlight is essential for the synthesis of vitamin D, which is essential for our health. For this reason, a balanced approach between safe sun exposure and protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation is important. Purpose: The aim of diploma is to investigate, through a literature review, the amount of vitamin D needed to reduce the risk of skin cancer, taking into account adequate sun exposure. Methods: The descriptive method was used to write the diploma, reviewing professional and scientific literature, in the time from 2014 to 2024. The search was conducted in the following bibliographic collections: Medline (PubMed), CINAHL Ultimate, Trip medical database and through the Google Scholar search engine. We searched for literature is in English and Slovenian. Results: With the obtained results and a review of literature, we determined the optimal time of exposure to sunlight that is safe for an individual to obtain vitamin D. We presented the factors that affect the required time to the sun as such; skin pigmentation, amount of skin exposed, geographical location, season and use of sunscreen. Discussion and conclusion: The appropriate time of daily exposure for the synthesis of vitamin D is about 10-15 minutes, as it is also conditioned by other factors. Regarding exposure to sunlight, it is important to emphasize the concept of "little and often". Such behavior enables safe and sufficient synthesis of vitamin D in most individuals, while at the same time reducing the risk of skin damage. Special attention in education and preventive activities should be given to young peopleand people from lower socio-economic backgrounds, as they may be more susceptible to inappropriate exposure to the sun. It is important that, as healthcare professionals, we encourage the use of modern applications and devices that can be proven to change our behavior and at the same time prevent unwanted consequences.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, melanoma, skin cancer, colecalciferol, ergocalciferol, sunlight, prevention