Introduction: The knee joint is the most stressed joint in the human body. Improper movement or other accidents often lead to joint damage. The most common injuries include ligament injuries, meniscus injuries, jumper's knee, fractures and dislocations. However, pathological changes such as osteoarthritis and osteochondrosis may also occur. We use radiological methods for diagnosis; x-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance and ultrasound. Each of them has advantages and disadvantages and indications for when to use it. Purpose: The purpose is to present the role of radiological technology in the diagnosis of diseases and injuries of the knee joint. Methods: The thesis was written using the literature review method. The search area were various online databases. We used different inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Here are presented the seven most common pathologies of the knee joint and role of radiological technology for them. In the case of cruciate ligament injuries, we use X-ray imaging and MR imaging. This is followed by patellar tendinopathy, where US and MR are used for a more accurate diagnosis. X-ray imaging and MRI are also used for meniscal injuries, with the latter being the method of choice. Fractures and dislocations of the knee joint account for the largest share of X-ray examinations of the knee joint, where two basic projections are usually performed. In the case of associated soft tissue injuries, MR imaging is also used. Osteoarthritis is the next pathology in which we also use X-ray and MR imaging, mainly to determine the degree of the disease. We use all radiological methods to diagnose osteochondrosis; X-ray, CT, MR and US. Due to its composition, Baker's cyst is best seen on MR and US images. Discussion and conclusion: X-ray imaging is used as the first method for establishing a diagnosis, as it allows us to rule out skeletal injuries. The gold standard in knee joint pathologies is MR, as it enables good visualization of soft tissues and at the same time excellent contrast resolution. In cases where it is a more complex injury, we use CT imaging, which is more accessible. For certain pathologies, we use ultrasound, which in some cases is more specific and better than MR imaging, but at the same time it is more accessible and has a shorter examination time.
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