The purpose of this thesis was to comprehensively examine the administrative division of Spain, with a particular focus on autonomous communities, local self-government, and an in-depth analysis of the Balearic Islands. The methods used included a literature review, legislative analysis, and comparative analysis. The research results indicated that the historical integration of various cultures is crucial for understanding the current political and cultural structure of Spain. The 1978 Constitution enabled greater political and cultural autonomy for regions, essential for maintaining national unity. The Balearic Islands have proven to be a successful example of regional autonomy integration, despite challenges such as environmental pressures from tourism and the need for sustainable natural resource management. The findings confirm that Spain's system of autonomous communities is effective in adapting national policies to local needs. Recommendations include the adoption of legislation on sustainable tourism,increasing the financial autonomy of regions, and strengthening educational programs in Catalan to preserve local culture.
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