Mehanska analiza teleskopske roke žerjava

Meden, Peter (author), Mole, Nikolaj (mentor)

Nakladalni hidravlični žerjavi so delovni stroji, ki so namenjeni dvigovanju in premikanju težkih tovorov znotraj njihovega delovnega območja. Sestavljeni so iz več komponent, ki se delijo na nosilno konstrukcijo in hidravlični sistem. Eno izmed glavnih komponent predstavlja teleskopska nihajna roka, katera je zaradi narave dela izpostavljena različnim ponavljajočim obremenitvam. Posledično so ti deli izpostavljeni utrujenostnim poškodbam. Diplomska naloga obravnava pregled ključnih standardov za kontrolo in določitev obremenitev hidravličnih nakladalnih žerjavov. Postavljen je bil matematični model ročične- ga mehanizma, kateri omogoča izračun obremenitev v različnih položajih. S pomočjo metode končnih elementov smo analizirali napetostno stanje obstoječe teleskopske roke in na osnovi izvedene analize in pridobljenih rezultatov pregledali vplive različnih oblik profilov in vodilnih elementov. Predlagali smo tri nove konstrukcijske rešitve katere smo analizirali z metodo končnih elementov in rezultate primerjali z analizo obstoječe izvedbe, ter rezultate tudi komentirali. Ugotovili smo, da je prva predlagana rešitev z izvedbo novih oblik vodil izmed vseh treh predlaganih rešitev trdnostno najustreznejša.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: nakladalni žerjavi, teleskopska roka, varjene konstrukcije, metoda končnih elementov, trdnostne analize, analitični izračuni
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-160206
• Publication date in RUL: 23.08.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Mechanical analysis of the telescopic boom of a crane

Abstract

Loading hydraulic cranes are working machines designed to lift and move heavy loads within their working area. They consist of several components, which are divided into a load-bearing structure and a hydraulic system. One of the main components is the telescopic swing arm, which, due to the nature of the work, is subjected to various repetitive loads. As a result, these parts are exposed to fatigue injuries. The thesis deals with the review of key standards for the control and determination of loads of hydraulic loading cranes. A mathematical model of the crank mechanism was developed, which allows the calculation of loads in different positions. With the help of the finite element method, we analyzed the stress state of the existing telescopic arm and, on the basis of the analysis carried out and the obtained results, examined the effects of various shapes of profiles and guide elements. We proposed three new construction solutions, which we analyzed using the finite element method and compared the results with the analysis of the existing implementation, and also commented on the results. We found that the first proposed solution with the implementation of new guide shapes is the most robust of the three proposed solutions.

• Keywords: loader cranes, telescopic arm, welded construction, finite element method, structural analysis, analytical calculations