Razvoj in izzivi pri izvajanju intraoperativne radioterapije skozi čas : diplomsko delo

Volk, Nika (author), Zupan, Iza (author), Žager Marciuš, Valerija (mentor), Medič, Mojca (reviewer)

Uvod: Radioterapija je poleg kirurgije in kemoterapije ena od treh glavnih načinov zdravljenja raka. Intraoperativna radioterapija je posebna obsevalna tehnika, ki se izvaja med operacijo. Omogoča nam natančno lokalizacijo ležišča tumorja, ki se obseva z visokimi odmerki doze, a hkrati minimalno obsevanost kritičnih organov. Uporaba intraoperativne radioterapije je lahko samostojna ali v kombinaciji s konvencionalno frakcionirano radioterapijo. Namen: V diplomskem delu bomo predstavili razvoj in izzive pri izvajanju intraoperativne radioterapije skozi čas ter najpogostejše vrste obsevalnih aparatov. Osredotočili se bomo na vrste lokalizacij, ki jih najpogosteje zdravimo s to tehniko. Iz tehnološkega vidika nas bo zanimalo, katere vire pri tem uporabljamo. Cilj diplomskega dela je spoznati in smiselno predstaviti intraoperativno radioterapijo ter ugotoviti učinkovitost zdravljenja. Metode dela: Pri pisanju smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo s sistematičnim pregledom literature. Uporabili smo spletno dostopne strokovne in znanstvene članke v angleškem jeziku. Iskanje literature je potekalo od 10. 12. 2023 do 22. 3. 2024. Skupno smo našli 844 člankov, ki smo jih pregledali z metodo PRISMA. Rezultati: V rezultatih smo obravnavali 18 člankov, ki smo jih vključili v sistematični pregled literature. Osredotočili smo se na znanstvene članke s področja zdravljenja dojk s tehniko intraoperativne radioterapije in primerjali njeno učinkovitost z drugimi tehnikami zdravljenja. Razprava in zaključek: S sistematičnim pregledom literature smo ugotovili, da poznamo več načinov za uspešno zdravljenje raka dojke. Intraoperativna radioterapija je prepoznana tehnika zdravljenja za lokalni nadzor raka dojk, ki omogoča ciljano obsevanje in zmanjšuje potrebo po mastektomiji. V primerjavi s konvencionalno radioterapijo je bilo pri intraoperativni radioterapiji opaženih manj dolgoročnih stranskih učinkov. Intraoperativna radioterapija kot delno obsevanje dojke omogoča skrajšanje zdravljenja in lahko izboljša psihosocialno počutje bolnic. Bistvenega pomena pa je predoperativna izbira bolnic in natančno načrtovanje zdravljenja, da lahko dosežemo želene učinke zdravljenja.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, radiološka tehnologija, intraoperativna radioterapija, rak dojk, mobilni obsevalni aparati
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Volk : I. Zupan]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 37 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159807
• UDC: 616-07
• COBISS.SI-ID: 202857987
• Publication date in RUL: 25.07.2024

VOLK, Nika and ZUPAN, Iza, 2024, Razvoj in izzivi pri izvajanju intraoperativne radioterapije skozi čas : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : N. Volk : I. Zupan. [Accessed 26 April 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=159807

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Development and challenges in performing intraoperative radiotherapy : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Radiotherapy is one of the three main cancer treatment methods, along with surgery and chemotherapy. Intraoperative radiotherapy is a special radiation technique that is performed during surgery. It allows us to precisely localize the tumor bed, which is irradiated with high doses, but at the same time minimally irradiate critical organs. Intraoperative radiotherapy can be used alone or in combination with conventional fractionated radiotherapy. Purpose: In the thesis, we will present the development and challenges in performing intraoperative radiotherapy over time, as well as the most common types of irradiation devices. We will focus on the types of localizations that are most often treated with this technique. From a technological point of view, we will be interested in which resources are used for this. The aim of the thesis is to learn about and sensibly present intraoperative radiotherapy and to determine the effectiveness of the treatment. Methods: In writing, we used a descriptive method with a systematic review of the literature. We used professional and scientific articles available online in English. The literature search took place from 10 December 2023 to 22 March 2024. We found a total of 844 articles, which were reviewed using the PRISMA method. Results: In the results, we discussed 18 articles, which we included in the systematic review of the literature. We focused on scientific articles in the field of breast treatment using the technique of intraoperative radiotherapy and compared its effectiveness with other treatment techniques. Discussion and conclusion: Through a systematic review of the literature, we found that we know several ways for the successful treatment of breast cancer. Intraoperative radiotherapy is a recognized treatment technique for local control of breast cancer, which allows for targeted radiation and reduces the need for mastectomy. Compared to conventional radiotherapy, intraoperative radiotherapy has fewer long-term side effects. Intraoperative radiotherapy as partial breast irradiation is also effective in controlling local disease, can improve the psychosocial well-being of patients and shorten the duration of treatment. However, the pre-operative selection of patients and precise treatment planning are essential in order to achieve the desired treatment effects.

• Keywords: diploma theses, radiologic technology, intraoperative radiotherapy, breast cancer, mobile irradiation devices