Etične dileme v zvezi z enteralnim prehranjevanjem odraslih : diplomsko delo

Hojker, Terezija (author), Ovijač, Darja (mentor), Pandel Mikuš, Ruža (reviewer)

Uvod: Enteralna prehrana, pomeni dovajanje hrane skozi prebavni trakt, običajno z uporabo cevke, katetra ali stome. Ko je prebavni trakt še vedno funkcionalen, se običajno izbere enteralna prehrana pred parenteralno prehrano, kjer se hranila dovajajo neposredno v krvni obtok skozi vensko pot. Enteralni dostop omogoča kratkoročno ali dolgoročno zagotavljanje prehrane neposredno v prebavni trakt. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pomočjo analize znanstvene in strokovne literature raziskati etična vprašanja, ki so povezana z enteralnim prehranjevanjem odraslih. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku, objavljene od leta 2009 do leta 2024. Iskanje je potekalo v tujih spletnih bibliografskih bazah podatkov PubMed in CINAHL s pomočjo ključnih besed v slovenščini in angleščini. Iskanje literature je potekalo od januarja 2024 do junija 2024. Rezultati: Med študijo smo preučevali etične dileme, povezane z enteralno prehrano odraslega človeka. Pomembno je, da razumemo, kako kompleksna in občutljiva področja so lahko ta vprašanja v klinični praksi. Ključni vidiki, ki smo jih identificirali, vključujejo poudarek na avtonomiji pacienta, kompleksnosti odločevanja, potrebo po jasni komunikaciji med vsemi vpletenimi stranmi ter uporabo smernic in protokolov za usmerjanje odločitev. Razprava in zaključek: Etične dileme pri enteralni prehrani odraslega človeka so kompleksen in občutljiv vidik sodobne klinične prakse. Raziskava in analiza teh dilem predstavljata pomemben prispevek k razumevanju izzivov, s katerimi se soočajo zdravstveni delavci, pacienti in njihove družine. Ključni vidiki vključujejo pacientovo avtonomijo, pravico do informiranega soglasja, sprejemanje odločitev v najboljšem interesu pacienta ter pravilno upravljanje morebitnih konfliktov interesov. Razumevanje etičnih načel in njihova praktična uporaba sta ključnega pomena za zagotavljanje kakovostne oskrbe in spoštovanje dostojanstva pacienta. S poglobljenim premislekom in spoštovanjem etičnih smernic lahko klinični delavci omogočijo optimalno enteralno prehrano ob hkratnem upoštevanju pacientovih vrednot in želja. V prihodnosti je nujno nadaljevati z raziskavami na tem področju ter razviti smernice in protokole, ki bodo podprli odločevalce pri obravnavi teh zapletenih etičnih vprašanj in zagotovili najboljšo možno oskrbo za paciente, ki potrebujejo enteralno prehrano.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, enteralna prehrana, parenteralna prehrana, etične dileme, prehrana, etična načela
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [T. Hojker]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 31 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159606
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 201745923
• Publication date in RUL: 14.07.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Ethical dilemmas regarding enteral nutrition in adults : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Enteral nutrition, also known as tube feeding, is the delivery of nutrition through the gastrointestinal tract, usually using a tube, catheter or stoma. When the gastrointestinal tract is still functional, enteral nutrition is usually chosen over parenteral nutrition, where nutrients are delivered directly into the bloodstream via the venous route. Enteral access allows short or long term delivery of nutrition directly into the gastrointestinal tract. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to explore the ethical issues related to enteral nutrition in adults by analysing the scientific and professional literature. Methods: The descriptive method of work was used in the thesis, with a review of scientific and professional literature in Slovenian and English published from 2009 to 2024. The search was carried out in the foreign online bibliographic databases PubMed and CINAHL, using keywords in Slovenian and English. The literature search was conducted from January 2024 to June 2024. Results: During the study, we examined ethical dilemmas associated with enteral nutrition in adults. It is important to understand how complex and sensitive these issues can be in clinical practice. Key aspects identified include emphasis on patient autonomy, decision-making complexity, the need for clear communication among all involved parties, and the use of guidelines and protocols to guide decisions. Discussion and Conclusion: Ethical dilemmas in enteral nutrition for adults are a complex and sensitive aspect of modern clinical practice. Research and analysis of these dilemmas represent a significant contribution to understanding the challenges faced by healthcare workers, patients, and their families. Key aspects include patient autonomy, the right to informed consent, decision-making in the best interest of the patient, and proper management of potential conflicts of interest. Understanding ethical principles and their practical application are crucial for providing quality care and respecting patient dignity. With thoughtful consideration and adherence to ethical guidelines, clinical practitioners can facilitate optimal enteral nutrition while simultaneously considering the values and desires of patients. It is imperative to continue research in this area and develop guidelines and protocols to support decision-makers in addressing these complex ethical issues and ensuring the best possible care for patients in need of enteral nutrition.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, ethical dilemmas, nutrition, ethical principles