Delovna terapija pri osebah odvisnih od prepovedanih drog

Rejec, Urša (author), Ocepek, Julija (mentor)

Uvod: Odvisnost od prepovedanih drog negativno vpliva na uporabnikovo okupacijsko participacijo. Zmanjšata se koncentracija in produktivnost na področju izobraževanja in dela, prosti čas oseba nameni aktivnostim, ki so povezane z uporabo prepovedanih drog. Ker odvisnosti ni mogoče pozdraviti izključno z zdravili, je potrebna rehabilitacija na čustvenem, socialnem in nevrološkem nivoju, pri čemer ima delovni terapevt zelo pomembno vlogo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom literature ugotoviti, kaj je do sedaj znanega o delovnoterapevtski obravnavi oseb odvisnih od prepovedanih drog. Metode dela: Izveden je bil splošen pregled literature, predstavljen s pomočjo PRISMA diagrama. Omejili smo se na članke, objavljene med letoma 2010 in 2023. Iskanje člankov je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, OTSeeker in COBISS. Iskalna formula v angleškem jeziku je bila: ((occupational therap* OR ot OR occupation* OR occupational based) AND (drug addiction OR drug abuse OR drug dependence OR substance abuse OR substance dependence OR substance use disorder)). V slovenskem jeziku smo uporabili iskalno formulo ((delovna terapija ALI delovni terapevt*) IN (odvisnost ALI odvisnik* ALI substanc* ALI drog* ALI odvisnost od prepovedanih drog)). Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih štirinajst znanstvenih člankov. Od teh so štiri kvantitativne študije, štiri kvalitativne, dve sta integracija kvantitativnih in kvalitativnih metod ter štiri pregledi literature. Oblikovali smo dve glavni temi: delovnoterapevtske intervencije, modeli in pristopi, uporabljeni pri obravnavi oseb odvisnih od prepovedanih drog in pozitivni izidi delovnoterapevtskih intervencij, modelov in pristopov pri obravnavi oseb odvisnih od prepovedanih drog. Razprava in zaključek: Delovni terapevti se poslužujejo številnih intervencij, pristopov in modelov pri osebah odvisnih od prepovedanih drog, zato je njihova vloga pri zdravljenju bistvenega pomena. Uporabljajo tako individualne kot skupinske intervencije, pristope in modele, ki so osredotočeni na točno določeno okupacijo, na tiste, ki dajejo poudarek na učenju in razvijanju novih spretnosti, ter najpomembneje, intervencije, ki se osredotočajo na vzpostavitev zdrave rutine in življenjskega sloga. Pozitivni izidi delovnoterapevtskih intervencij na področju odvisnosti od prepovedanih drog potrjujejo njihovo učinkovitost in tako tudi nepogrešljivost delovne terapije na tem področju. Kljub temu obstaja premalo znanstvenih dokazov delovnoterapevtske prakse, ki bi lahko zares potrdili uporabnost in učinkovitost intervencij.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: delovni terapevt, intervencije, okupacijsko ravnovesje, učinkovitost, substance
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Year: 2024
• Publication date in RUL: 13.07.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Occupational therapy for individuals addicted to illegal drugs

Abstract

Introduction: Drug addiction negatively affects the user's occupational participation. Concentration and productivity in education and work decrease, leisure time is devoted to activities associated with the use of illegal drugs. Since addiction cannot be treated solely with medication, rehabilitation at emotional, social, and neurological levels is necessary, where occupational therapists play a very important role. Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to determine, through a literature review, what is currently known about occupational therapy interventions for individuals addicted to illegal drugs. Methods: A general literature review was conducted, presented using the PRISMA diagram. Articles published between 2010 and 2023 were included. Articles were searched in the databases CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, OTSeeker, and COBISS. The search formula in English was: ((occupational therap* OR ot OR occupation* OR occupational based) AND (drug addiction OR drug abuse OR drug dependence OR substance abuse OR substance dependence OR substance use disorder)). In Slovenian, the search formula used was: ((delovna terapija OR delovni terapevt*) AND (odvisnost OR odvisnik* OR substanc* OR drog* OR odvisnost od prepovedanih drog)). Results: Fourteen scientific articles were included in the final analysis. Among them were four quantitative studies, four qualitative studies, two integrating quantitative and qualitative methods, and four literature reviews. Two main themes were identified: occupational therapy interventions, models, and approaches used in the treatment of individuals addicted to illegal drugs, and positive outcomes of occupational therapy interventions, models, and approaches in the treatment of individuals addicted to illegal drugs. Discussion and conclusion: Occupational therapists employ numerous interventions, approaches, and models for individuals addicted to illegal drugs, highlighting the essential role they play in their treatment. They use both individual and group interventions, approaches, and models that are focused on specific occupations, those that emphasize learning and developing new skills, and most importantly, interventions that focus on establishing a healthy routine and lifestyle. The positive outcomes of occupational therapy interventions in drug addiction confirm their effectiveness and the indispensability of occupational therapy in this field. However, there is insufficient scientific evidence of occupational therapy practice to truly confirm the usefulness and effectiveness of interventions.

• Keywords: occupational therapist, interventions, occupational balance, effectiveness, substances