Pogledi onkoloških bolnikov Univerzitetne klinike Golnik na uporabo kanabinoidov v samozdravljenju

Grum, Nina (author), Knez, Lea (mentor), Horvat, Nejc (comentor)

Rak je skupina več sto bolezni, za katere je značilno nenadzorovano deljenje celic, ki se širi v okoliška zdrava tkiva. Konoplja je rastlina, ki se že tisočletja uporablja v zdravstvene namene, njena uporaba pa je bila zaradi pogostih zlorab v večini držav zahodnega sveta več časa prepovedana. Konoplja (Cannabis sativa L.) je rastlina iz družine konopljevk (Cannabaceae). Najbolj znani aktivni učinkovini v konoplji sta predstavnika kanabinoidov tetrahidrokanabinol (THC) in kanabidiol (CBD). V Sloveniji se zdravila iz kanabinoidov uporabljajo predvsem kot dopolnilna terapija pri zdravljenju epileptičnih napadov, spastičnih napadov pri multipli sklerozi in slabosti ter bruhanja pri onkoloških bolnikih. Vse bolj pogosta in razširjena pa postaja uporaba izdelkov s kanabinoidi v samozdravljenju simptomov, ki spremljajo raka. S pomočjo anonimnega vprašalnika, razdeljenega med onkološke bolnike na Enoti za internistično onkologijo Klinike Golnik, smo izvedli presečno raziskavo, kjer smo raziskovali pogled in dojemanje onkoloških bolnikov o uporabi konoplje v samozdravljenju. Odgovore smo zbirali tri mesece, nato pa smo jih obdelali s pomočjo opisne in sklepne statistike v programu SPSS. Zbrali smo 136 ustrezno izpolnjenih vprašalnikov onkoloških bolnikov s pljučnim rakom. Bolniki so bili večinoma mnenja, da konoplja lahko pomaga pri raku, kronični bolečini in nespečnosti. Večina je menila, da lahko povzroča občutek omamljenosti, omotičnosti in zaspanosti, vendar na splošno ne more poslabšati zdravstvenega stanja. Zavedali so se, da uporaba ni priporočljiva pri nosečnicah, doječih materah in pacientih, ki v zdravljenju raka prejemajo imunoterapijo. Kar 57 % anketirancev je že samostojno iskalo informacije o uporabi konoplje, predvsem preko internetnih virov in prijateljev. 60 % od bolnikov, ki so iskali informacije o konoplji, pa se o njej ni pogovarjalo z zdravstvenimi delavci – kot najpogostejši razlog so navedli strah pred drugačno obravnavo. Informacije so bolj pogosto iskali bolniki, ki so imeli tekom zdravljenja več neželenih učinkov. Naloga nam je podala pomemben vpogled v poglede in pričakovanja onkoloških bolnikov do uporabe konoplje v samozdravljenju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: konoplja, rak, samozdravljenje, kanabinoidi, zdravstveni delavci, pogled
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-159290
• Publication date in RUL: 05.07.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The views of oncology patients at the University Clinic Golnik on the use of cannabinoids in self-medication

Abstract

Cancer is a group of several hundred diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division that spreads into surrounding healthy tissues. Cannabis is a plant that has been used for thousands of years for medicinal purposes, but its use has been long prohibited due to its frequent abuse. Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is a plant from the Cannabaceae family. The two most known pharmacollogically active compounds are cannabinoids tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). In Slovenia, cannabinoid medications are primarily used as adjunct therapy in the treatment of epileptic seizures, spastic seizures in multiple sclerosis, and nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. An increasingly common and widespread practice is the use of cannabinoid supplements for self-treatment of symptoms associated with cancer. With the help of an anonymous questionnaire distributed among oncology patients at the Medical Oncology Unit at the University Clinic Golnik, we conducted a cross-sectional study to explore the views and perceptions of oncology patients on the use of cannabis for self-treatment. Responses were collected over three months and then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the SPSS program. We collected 136 properly completed questionnaires from oncology patients with lung cancer. Patients mostly believed that cannabis could help with cancer, chronic pain, and insomnia. The majority believed it could cause a feeling of intoxication, dizziness, and drowsiness, however it generally could not worsen their health condition. They were aware that the use of cannabis is not recommended for pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and patients receiving cancer immunotherapy. 57 % of respondents had already independently sought information on the use of cannabis, primarily through internet sources and friends, and 60 % of patients, who searched for infomration on cannabis, had not discussed it with healthcare professionals - citing fear of being treated differently as the most common reason. Information was more frequently sought by patients who experienced more side effects during their cancer treatment. This study provides an important insight into the views and expectations of oncology patients regarding the use of cannabis in self-treatment.

• Keywords: cannabis, cancer, self-treatment, cannabinoids, healthcare professionals, view