Učinek vibracijske vadbe celega telesa na ravnotežje pri starejših odraslih – pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Cigale, Jerica (author), Jakovljević, Miroljub (mentor), Brezovar, Tjaž (comentor), Palma, Polona (reviewer)

Uvod: Ravnotežje v vsakdanjem življenju igra pomembno vlogo, saj ima ključno vlogo pri izvajanju vsakodnevnih dejavnosti in hoji. S starostjo sposobnost uravnavanja ravnotežja zaradi upadanja fizičnih funkcij in senzorične integracije oslabi, kar šteje za značilen dejavnik tveganja za padce. Izboljšamo ga lahko z vadbo, pri kateri izzovemo ravnotežje in izboljšamo mišično zmogljivost, ena izmed uspešnih vadbenih metod naj bi bila tudi vibracijska vadba celega telesa. Ta z vibracijami draži mišično vreteno, ki povzroči kontrakcijo mišice. Namen: S pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature ugotoviti učinke vibracijske vadbe celega telesa na ravnotežje pri starejših odraslih. Metode dela: Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovni bazi PubMed, s kombinacijo ključnih besednih zvez »Whole – body vibration AND Prevention«, »Whole – body vibration AND elderly«, »Whole – body vibrations AND older adults« ter »Vibration training AND older adults«. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih 5 raziskav. V vseh raziskavah so imeli najmanj eno skupino, ki je izvajala vadbeni program z vibracijami celega telesa. V skupinah, ki so ta vadbeni program izvajale, so ugotovili značilno izboljšanje uravnavanja dinamičnega in statičnega ravnotežja ter mišične zmogljivosti spodnjih udov. Največje izboljšanje pa so ugotovili pri skupinah, ki so izvajale kombinirani vadbeni program, ki je vključeval vibracijsko vadbo celega telesa, v kombinaciji s psiho-motoričnimi nalogami, dodajanjem obremenitve in termo terapijo s stopnjevanimi vadbenimi parametri. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da vibracijska vadba celega telesa na vibracijski plošči pozitivno vpliva na izboljšanje ravnotežja ter mišične zmogljivosti in vzdržljivosti starejših odraslih. Lahko jo stopnjujemo z dodajanjem obremenitev in povečanjem vibracijskih parametrov, lahko pa dodamo tudi fizikalne posege, kot je termo terapija.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, vibracija celega telesa, vibracijska plošča, vadbeni programi, ravnotežje, starejši odrasli
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Cigale]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 35 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-158950
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 199841283
• Publication date in RUL: 23.06.2024

CIGALE, Jerica, 2024, Učinek vibracijske vadbe celega telesa na ravnotežje pri starejših odraslih – pregled literature : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : J. Cigale. [Accessed 25 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=158950

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effect of whole – body vibration training on balance in older adults – literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Balance plays an important role in daily life, as it is the key to carrying out daily activities and walking. With age, the ability to regulate balance decreases due to the decline of physical functions and sensory integration, which is considered a major risk factor for falls. It can be improved through exercises that challenge balance and improve muscle performance, and successful exercise methods also include whole – body vibration training. This uses vibrations to stimulate the muscle spindle, which encourages the muscle to contract. Purpose: To determine the effects of whole – body vibration training on balance in older adults by reviewing the scientific and professional literature. Methods: We searched the literature in the PubMed database using a combination of the key terms "whole – body vibration AND prevention", "whole – body vibration AND elderly", "whole – body vibration AND older adults" and "vibration training AND older adults". Results: Five studies were included in the literature review. In all studies, there was at least one group that performed a whole – body vibration training programme. A significant improvement in the regulation of dynamic and static balance and muscle capacity of the lower limbs was found in the groups that performed this training programme. The greatest improvement was found in the groups that performed a combined training programme with psychomotor tasks, additional load and thermotherapy, with escalated training parameters. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that vibration training on the vibration plate has a positive effect on improving the balance and muscular performance and endurance of individuals. It can be enhanced by additional loads and an increase in the vibration parameters, but also by other physical interventions, such as thermotherapy.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, whole – body vibration, vibration plate, exercise programs, balance, older adults