Izdelava in vrednotenje elektrostatsko sukanih nanovlaken na osnovi hitosana ali alginata

Ilešič, Lucija (author), Kocbek, Petra (mentor), Temova, Biljana (comentor)

Celjenje ran je ena izmed ključnih skrbi svetovne medicine; zelo pomemben je razvoj sodobnih oblog za pospešitev celjenja ran. Nanovlakna imajo velik potencial pri celjenju ran, tako akutnih kot kroničnih, saj omogočajo izdelavo oblog za celjenje ran in dostavo zdravilnih učinkovin. Njihova ključna lastnost je, da posnemajo naravno zunajcelično ogrodje ter tako spodbujajo proliferacijo celic. Nanovlakna so pomembna tudi na področju zdravil za napredno zdravljenje, in sicer na področju tkivnega inženirstva. Namen našega dela je bil z elektrostatskim sukanjem izdelati nanovlakna za namen celjenja ran na osnovi natrijevega alginata in hitosana v kombinaciji s polietilenoksidom (2000 kDa). Naša naloga je bila optimizacija sestave polimernih raztopin, da bodo le-te procesibilne, ter ugotoviti optimalne procesne parametre za izdelavo nanovlaken. Morfologijo nastalih vlaken smo vrednotili s pomočjo vrstične elektronske mikroskopije. Ključna lastnost pri uporabi nanovlaken za celjenje ran je njihova stabilnost v vodi, kar smo skušali doseči z dodatkom premreževala – kalcijevega klorida ali z uporabo čim večjega deleža hitosana. Ugotovili smo, da je optimalna skupna koncentracija polimerov polietilenoksida in natrijevega alginata v območju 1,9-2,7 % (m/V) v masnem razmerju 50/50, saj smo pri višjih skupnih koncentracijah imeli težave s procesibilnostjo. Ugotovili smo, da je najbolj optimalni dodatek 1,5 % (m/m) premreževala, glede na skupno količino polietilenoksida in natrijevega alginata. Pri vrednotenju nanovlaken, izdelanih iz polietilenoksida in natrijevega alginata, v vodi smo ugotovili, da so bila le-ta stabilna v vodi, če smo jih izdelali iz 1,9-3,1 % (m/V) raztopine v masnem razmerju 50/50, z dodatkom vsaj 1,5 % (m/m) premreževala. Prišli smo tudi do zaključka, da se morajo vlakna po izdelavi vsaj 1 dan sušiti na objektnem steklu, da postanejo obstojna v vodi. Optimalna sestava polimernih raztopin iz polietilenoksida in hitosana za izdelavo obstojnih nanovlaken v vodi je vsebovala 3,0 % (m/V) polimerov v masnem razmerju 45/55 v prid hitosanu. Pri višjih skupnih koncentracijah polimerov ali pri razmerju polimerov v prid hitosanu je prihajalo do težav v procesibilnosti. Vsi vzorci izdelani iz polietilenoksida in hitosana, so bili obstojni v vodi brez predhodnega sušenja. Nanovlakna, ki so vsebovala večji delež hitosana, so obdržala morfologijo v vodi tudi po daljšem času, nanovlakna z manjšim deležem hitosana pa so se začela prej raztapljati.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: elektrostatsko sukanje, hitosan, nanodostavni sistemi, nanovlakna, rane, natrijev alginat.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-158665
• Publication date in RUL: 19.06.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Preparation and characterization of electrospun nanofibers based on chitosan or alginate

Abstract

Wound healing is one of the key concerns of world medicine, and the development of modern dressings to accelerate wound healing is of great importance. Nanofibers have shown great potential in healing both acute and chronic wounds because they enable the production of dressings for wound healing and the delivery of active substances. Their key feature is that they mimic the natural extracellular matrix, thus promoting cell proliferation. Nanofibers are also important in tissue engineering, a field of advanced therapy medicinal products. The purpose of our work was to produce nanofibers for wound healing purposes based on sodium alginate and chitosan in combination with polyethylene oxide (2000 kDa) by electrospinning. Our objective was to optimize the composition of polymer solutions to make them processable and set the optimal process parameters for the production of nanofibers. The morphology of the resulting fibers was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. A crucial property of nanofibers for wound healing is their stability in water, which we aimed to achieve by adding a crosslinker – calcium chloride or using as much chitosan as possible. We found that the optimal total concentration of polymers polyethylene oxide and sodium alginate ranged from 1.9-2.7 % (w/v) with a weight ratio of 50/50, and at higher total concentrations, we experienced issues with processability. The most optimal crosslinking additive was found to be 1.5 % (w/w), relative to the total amount of polyethylene oxide and sodium alginate. After evaluating nanofibers made from polyethylene oxide and sodium alginate, we found that they were all stable in water at total concentrations of 1.9-3.1 % (w/v) with a weight ratio of 50/50 and with the addition of at least 1.5 % (w/w) of crosslinker. We also came to the conclusion that fibers on microscope slides needed at least one day to dry before becoming stable in water. The optimal composition of polymer solutions from polyethylene oxide and chitosan for the production of water-stable nanofibers was a total polymer concentration of 3.0 % (w/v) with a weight ratio of 45/55 in favor of chitosan. At higher total concentrations of polymers or ratios of polymers in favor of chitosan, we encountered problems with processability. All samples made of polyethylene oxide and chitosan were stable in water without pre-drying. Nanofibers with higher chitosan content retained morphology in water for a more extended period of time than those with lower chitosan content which degraded earlier.

• Keywords: chitosan, electrospinning, nanodelivery systems, nanofibers, sodium alginate, wounds.