The utilization of embryonic stem cells in biotechnology is experiencing a notable rise in prevalence, particularly in the realm of vaccine development and production, owing to its perceived financial advantages. This thesis aims to elucidate the perspectives of both official church magisterium and chosen moral theologians regarding the employment of embryonic stem cells in crafting vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and to conduct a comparative analysis of their stances. The initial segment of this study encompasses fundamental definitions followed by an exploration of the biological, anthropological-philosophical, legal, and moral-theological dimensions concerning the utilization of embryonic stem cells in biotechnology, with a particular emphasis on their application in vaccine development and production. Notably, this examination delves into the official teachings of the Church, focusing on documents issued during the tenures of Popes John Paul II, Benedict XVI, and Francis, juxtaposed with the perspectives of prominent moral theologians. The subsequent section scrutinizes viewpoints articulated by selected authors hailing from the United States of America, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a comparative analysis undertaken to discern commonalities and disparities among their perspectives.
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