Uporaba modela človekove okupacije v delovnoterapevtski obravnavi v Sloveniji : diplomsko delo

Novak, Alenka (author), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (mentor), Gričar, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Model človekove okupacije velja za mednarodno najbolj razširjen model v delovni terapiji, ker podpira na okupacijo usmerjeno prakso in zagotavlja holističen pogled na uporabnika. Osnovan je na dokazih iz prakse celotnega sveta in se uporablja na vseh ravneh zdravstvenega varstva. V Sloveniji je uporaba modela med delovnimi terapevti pogosta, ni pa raziskana. Namen: Ugotoviti, kakšen je doprinos modela človekove okupacije v delovnoterapevtski obravnavi v Sloveniji in kakšen vpliv ima na profesionalno identiteto delovnih terapevtov. Metode dela: Na osnovi pregleda literature smo sestavili vprašalnik, ki je zajemal trditve na temo uporabe in vpliva modela človekove okupacije na prakso. Sodelujoči so se pri posameznih trditvah opredelili, v kakšni meri se strinjajo. Povezavo do spletnega vprašalnika v obliki 1-KA smo preko Zbornice delovnih terapevtov Slovenije poslali zaposlenim delovnim terapevtom. Podatke smo zbirali od 1. 3. do 8. 9. 2023. Rezultati: Vprašalnik je v celoti rešilo 30 delovnih terapevtov, ki so v praksi uporabljali model človekove okupacije. Večina terapevtov je imela dobro znanje o modelu, skoraj polovica anketiranih je v praksi vedno ali skoraj vedno uporabljala model človekove okupacije kot primarni model. Večina se je strinjala, da model pozitivno vpliva na delovnoterapevtski proces, predvsem v fazi vrednotenja in obravnave. Večje nestrinjanje je bilo prisotno pri trditvah, vezane na končno fazo procesa, to so izidi. Razviden je bil doprinos modela na razvoj profesionalne identitete delovnih terapevtov. Razprava in zaključek: Model človekove okupacije ima pozitiven vpliv na delovnoterapevtski proces in posledično tudi profesionalno identiteto delovnih terapevtov. Težava se pojavi pri prenosu modela v prakso, predvsem zaradi organiziranosti slovenskega zdravstvenega sistema in pomanjkljivih kompetenc delovnih terapevtov. Raziskave iz tujih razvitih držav poročajo o obsežnejši uporabi modela človekove okupacije v praksi in večjem doprinosu modela na delovnoterapevtsko prakso. Za prenos modela v prakso tuje raziskave navajajo manj omejitev iz okolja in večjo podporo v delovnem okolju.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, delovnoterapevtski konceptualni model, na dokazih temelječa praksa, profesionalna identiteta
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Novak]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 28 str., [5] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-158273
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 197482499
• Publication date in RUL: 01.06.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Using the model of human occupation in the occupational treatment in Slovenia : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Internationally, the model of human occupation is the most widely used model in occupational therapy because it supports occupation-oriented practice and provides a holistic view of the user. It is based on evidence from practice around the world and is used at all levels of healthcare. The use of the model among occupational therapists in Slovenia is common, but not studied. Purpose: To determine the contribution of the model to occupational therapy treatment and the professional identity of therapists in Slovenia. Methods: Based on a literature review, we compiled a questionnaire that included statements on the use and impact of the model on practice. Participants used the Likert scale to rate their beliefs about individual statements. The link to the online questionnaire in the form of 1-KA was sent to employed occupational therapists via the Slovenian association of occupational therapists. The data was collected from 1. 3. to 8. 9. 2023. Results: The questionnaire was fully answered by 30 occupational therapists who used the model of human occupation in their practice. Most occupational therapists had good knowledge of the model and almost half of them always or almost always used the model as their primary model in practice. Most agreed, that the model has a positive impact on the occupational therapy process, especially in the evaluation and intervention phase. Greater disagreement was present in the statements related to the final stage of the process, the outcomes. The model contributes to the development of the professional identity of occupational therapists. Discussion and conclusion: The model of human occupation has a positive impact on the occupational therapy process and also on the professional identity of occupational therapist. The problem arises with the implementation of the model into practice, mainly due to the organization of the Slovenian healthcare system and the lack of competencies of occupational therapists. Studies in foreign developed countries report more extensive use of the model and its greater contribution to occupational therapy practice. Foreign studies cite fewer environmental constraints and more support in the work environment when implementing the model into practice.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, occupational therapy conceptual model, evidence-based practice, professional identity