Vpliv pandemije COVID-19 na higienske navade ljudi : magistrsko delo

Vozelj, Pia (author), Jevšnik Podlesnik, Mojca (mentor)

Uvod: Pandemija COVID-19 je za seboj pustila mnoge posledice in spremenila življenja po celotnem svetu. Med pandemijo so bili ljudje izzvani z novimi in strožjimi higienskimi ukrepi kot prej. Obenem pa so lahko na lastni koži izkusili pomembnost izvajanja higienskih opravil za preprečevanje okužbe. Z izboljšanim znanjem o preprečevanju širjenja okužb, ta predstavlja dobro podlago za večji uspeh orodij spodbujanja želenega higienskega vedenja. Namen: Namen raziskave je ugotoviti, ali je pandemija spremenila higienske navade ljudi. Preveriti želimo tudi njihove motive za izvajanje osebne higiene in higiene bivalnih prostorov, percepcijo o spremembah v njihovih higienskih navadah ter preveriti priljubljenost izbranih grafičnih spodbujevalcev umivanja rok. Metode dela: Z anketnim vprašalnikom smo povprašali o higienskih navadah (higiena rok, osebna higiena, higiena bivalnih prostorov idr.) pred, med in po pandemiji ter s pomočjo računalniškega programa Rstudio preverili morebitne statistične spremembe v higienskih navadah med navedenimi časovnimi obdobji. Povprašali smo tudi o motivih za izvajanje osebne higiene in higiene bivalnih prostorov in morebitnih spremembah v higienskih navadah, ki so jih anketiranci opazili pri sebi ter zabeležili odzive anketirancev na grafične spodbujevalce umivanja rok. Rezultati: V času pandemije so se izboljšale higienske navade ljudi v vseh raziskanih primerih. Po pandemiji so vidne statistično značilne spremembe pri trajanju miljenja rok, sušenju rok ter nekaterih drugih higienskih ukrepih, ki so neposredno vezani na preprečevanje okužbe z virusom SARS-CoV-2. Glavni motiv za izvajanje higienskih ukrepov je zaščita sebe in svojih bližnjih. Najbolj priljubljeni grafični spodbujevalci so tisti, ki so kratki in jedrnati, pisani, in tisti, ki prikazujejo družino ali spominjajo na opozorilne znake. Razprava in zaključek: Z raziskavo smo potrdili, da so anketiranci zaradi pandemije povečali pogostost in temeljitost izvajanja higienskih ukrepov. Higienske navade, ki so vezane na preprečevanje okužbe z virusom, mnogi anketiranci dandanes izvajajo bolj dosledno kot pred pandemijo. Novo pridobljeno zavedanje pomembnosti osebne higiene in higiene bivalnih prostorov lahko izkoristimo za spodbujanje želenih higienskih vedenj, predvsem v zdravstvenih ustanovah, kjer je to ključnega pomena. Pri izdelavi grafičnih spodbujevalcev umivanja rok pa je smiselno vključiti naslednje: prikazati družino (ter obenem opozoriti na zaščito sebe in svojih bližnjih), uporabiti pisane barve in/ali opozorilne znake ter poskrbeti, da so opomniki preprosti, kratki in jedrnati.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, sanitarno inženirstvo, pandemija COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, higiena, higienske navade, umivanje rok, razkuževanje rok, spremembe v času pandemije, vedenjske spremembe, spremembe v higieni, zaznavanje tveganja, navade, grafični spodbujevalci
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [P. Vozelj]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 50 str., [28] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-156468
• UDC: 614
• COBISS.SI-ID: 196711683
• Publication date in RUL: 26.05.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on people’s hygiene habits : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected lives all around the world. During it, people had to adhere to stricter hygiene habits than they have before. At the same time, they could experience the importance of hygiene measures first hand. With improved knowledge on disease transmissions, this represent a good starting point for better effectivness of nuding tools. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the pandemic has changed people’s hygiene habits, their motives for performing personal and household hygiene, determine their perception on any changes in their hygiene habits and evaluate most promising graphical nudges for hand hygiene. Methods: We gathered data on hygiene habits of questionnaire respondents before, during and after the pandemic. With programming tool RStudio, we determined potential statistically significant changes in hygiene habits during the forementioned time periods. Additionally, we investigated personal and household hygiene motives, potential changes in hygiene as a result of the pandemic and recorded responses on graphical nudges for hand hygiene. Results: During the pandemic, people’s hygiene habits have improved in all cases in the scope of our research. After the pandemic, statistically significant changes were noted in duration of washing hands with soap, fully drying ones hands and other hygiene practices that are directly related to preventing infections with SARS-CoV-2 virus. The main motive for performing hygiene is self-protection and protection of those close to us. The most popular graphical nudinges were short and simple, colorful, portraying family relations or warning signs. Discussion and conclusion: The frequency and thoroughness of hygiene habits has increased during the pandemic. Hygiene practices, that are directly correlated to preventing infections, are nowadays being performed more consistently than previously. Newfound awarness of the importance of personal and household hygiene can be used as an advantage for the success of nudging tools. When preparing nudging tools, the following measures should be consireded: keeping them short and simple, use colours or resemblance of warning signs and lastly, highlight family images.

• Keywords: master's theses, sanitary engineering, COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, hygiene, hygiene habits, hand washing, hand disinfection, pandemic changes, behavioural change, hygiene change, risk perception, habits, graphics for nudging