The following article explores the development of modern spirituality in the Slovenian territory, especially the emergence of spiritualism and theosophy. Spiritualism emerged in the last decades of the 19th century and soon encountered resistance from Catholic circles due to its considerable expansion. The modernisation of Carniola was also accompanied by the emergence of other alternative practices, such as vegetarianism, which was received with profound suspicion by the majority of the inhabitants as well as the medical authorities. Influenced by numerous articles from American and English historiography that examine the emergence of new religious movements, the present contribution will also address the question of the spread of the new spirituality, try to answer whether it is possible to attribute the relationship between the countryside and the cities to the differences in this regard, and determine whether all esoteric ideas were equally popular.
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