Resocializacija oseb na prestajanju zaporne kazni

Antić, Janja (author), Kovač Šebart, Mojca (mentor)

Osrednja tema magistrske naloge je tretmanska obravnava oseb na prestajanju kazni zapora. V teoretičnem delu naloge smo definirali temeljne pojme in predstavili dve osrednji zasnovi obravnavanja oseb, ki so storile kaznivo dejanje: retributivistično klasično kriminološko perspektivo in pozitivistično kriminološko perspektivo. Analizirali smo tudi spremembe v zasnovi obravnave oseb, ki so storile kaznivo dejanje, od leta 1967 pa do danes v Sloveniji. Pri tem smo predstavili zasnovo gibanja za novo družbeno obrambo in zasnovo pristopa »nazaj k pravičnosti« ter ugotavljali, ali in kako sta vplivali na spreminjanje zakonskih rešitev, ki naslavljajo cilj izrekanja in prestajanja kazni zapora v Kazenskem zakoniku v obravnavanem časovnem obdobju. Zanimala pa nas je tudi problematika (ne)prostovoljnega vključevanja in sodelovanja oseb na prestajanju kazni zapora v tretman. V empiričnem delu magistrske naloge smo analizirali stališča oseb na prestajanju kazni zapora (v nadaljevanju obsojenke) in strokovnih delavcev in delavk (v nadaljevanju zaposleni) o namenih izrekanja in prestajanja kazni zapora. Raziskavo smo opravili v enem od zavodov za prestajanje kazni zapora v Sloveniji, v njo pa so bili vključeni trije zaposleni in sedem obsojenk. Zanimalo nas je, kako zaposleni načrtujejo proces resocializacije obsojenk in kako uresničujejo cilj določila v 10. členu Zakona o izvrševanju kazenskih sankcij (ZIKS-1G 2018). Pridobili smo njihove odgovore, kako ukrepajo v primeru, ko je vključitev v dejavnosti tretmana v nasprotju z voljo obsojenke in le-ta zavrne podpis osebnega načrta. Zanimala pa nas je tudi njihova presoja o motivih obsojenk za vključevanje v tretmansko obravnavo. Podobna vprašanja smo zastavili obsojenkam in ugotavljali, kakšne posledice sledijo, če se odločijo, da ne bodo podpisale osebnega načrta in sodelovale v tretmanski obravnavi, ter ali ocenjujejo, da se za sodelovanje pri izpolnjevanju osebnega načrta odločajo prostovoljno. Izsledki empirične raziskave so pokazali, da uveljavljeno načrtovanje in udejanjanje procesa resocializacije, ki ga obsojenke in zaposleni prepoznavajo kot temeljni namen izrekanja in prestajanja kazni zapora, tj. tretmanska obravnava, ne uresničuje. Večina jih tudi ocenjuje, da se v tretmansko obravnavo vključujejo zlasti zaradi pridobivanja oz. ohranjanja zavodskih ugodnosti. Proces vključevanja v obravnavo tako temelji na tretmanski igri, saj tudi v raziskavo vključeni zaposleni prepoznavajo ugodnosti, ki jih pridobivajo obsojenke, kot njihov temeljni motiv za vključevanje v tretmansko obravnavo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: resocializacija, osebni načrt, tretman, zavod za prestajanje kazni zapora, obsojenke
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FF - Faculty of Arts
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-156400
• Publication date in RUL: 24.05.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Resocialization of persons serving a prison sentence

Abstract

The main topic of the master's thesis is treatment- oriented inclusion of persons spending time in prison. In the theoretical part of the thesis we presented in detail two fundamental and paradigmatically opposing concepts of treating persons who committed criminal acts: traditional criminology perspective (retributivism, absolute theories – retributive approach and positivist criminology perspective (utilitarianism, relativism theories) – utilitarian approach. A section of the theoretical part is dedicated to the analysis of the changes in the scheme and transformation of treating the persons who have committed criminal acts in Slovenia since 1967. We presented two movements, The International Defence and Restorative Justice, and showed how the two movements influenced the creation of legislation regarding the imposition and serving of prison sentence. We addressed the issue of coercive treatment In the empirical part of the master thesis, we analysed the views of female convicts, professional workers and a worker at Prison on the purposes of sentencing and serving imprisonment. The survey was carried out in one of Slovenia's penitentiary institutions and involved three professional workers and seven female convicts. We were interested in how the professional workers plan the process of resocialisation of convicted female and how they implement the objective of the provisions in Article 10 of the Act on the Enforcement of Penal Sanctions (Act on the Enforcement of Criminal Sanctions, 2018). We obtained their answers on what they do in case the inclusion in the treatment activities is against the will of the convicted female and she refuses to sign the personal plan. We were also interested in their assessment of the motives of the convicted females for entering treatment. Similar questions were asked to the female convicts to find out what consequences follow if they decide not to sign the personal plan and participate in the treatment, and whether they consider that they voluntarily decide to participate in the personal plan. The results of the empirical research have shown that the established planning and implementation of the process of resocialization, which the female convicts and professional workers recognize as the fundamental purpose of imposing and serving prison sentences, which is treatment, does not materialize. Most of professional workers also estimate that female convicts are included in treatment mainly to obtain or maintain institutional benefits. The results of research show that the inclusion of convicts into treatment sessions does not reach its goals. The majority of convicts believes they are being forced into the treatment sessions, whereas the inclusion process is based on treatment game.

• Keywords: rehabilitation, personal plan, treatment, institution for serving prison sentences, convict