Primerjava znanja prve pomoči v primeru opeklin med mlajšo, srednjo in starejšo generacijo laikov : diplomsko delo

Serženta, Urša (author), Slabe, Damjan (mentor), Rogelj, Klemen (comentor), Prestor, Jože (reviewer)

Uvod: Opeklina je poškodba kože ali drugega tkiva, ki nastane zaradi toplote, stika z elektriko, kemikalijami, sevanja, radioaktivnosti ali trenja. Ustrezna prva pomoč vpliva tako na zmanjšanje globine opekline kot tudi na čas celjenja. Pri bolnikih, ki potrebujejo operativno zdravljenje s presadki kože ali kožnimi nadomestki, je v primeru hlajenja opekline površina potrebne transplantacije manjša. Aktualne moderne smernice za prvo pomoč v primeru opekline med ukrepi izpostavljajo hlajenje s čisto tekočo vodo vsaj 20 minut. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je proučiti poznavanje ukrepov prve pomoči pri oskrbi opekline med laiki. Metode dela: Izvedena je bila presečna študija. Podatke smo zbirali s pomočjo spletnega anketnega vprašalnika. Vzorec 318 respondentov smo razdelili v tri skupine glede na starost respondentov: mlajša generacija (18–29 let), srednja generacija (30–59 let) in starejša generacija (starejši od 60 let). Rezultati: Laiki vseh starostnih skupin vedo, da je za oskrbo opekline najbolje uporabiti vodo, medtem ko je opeklinski hidrogel še precej nepoznan, čeprav ga je v preteklosti že uporabilo 30 % vprašanih. Opeklino bi večinoma hladili 5–10 minut (29 %) oziroma do prenehanja bolečine (27 %). Opekline, ki so še posebej nevarne, so prepoznali le deloma. Laiki vedo, kdaj je v primeru opeklinske poškodbe potreben klic nujne medicinske pomoči na številko 112. Anketiranci so v večini prepoznali, kateri miti o oskrbi opeklin so resnični in kateri ne. Znake in simptome opekline dihalnih poti poznajo slabo. S kemično opeklino se je srečal 1 % anketiranih, kljub temu vedo, da je pomembno poskrbeti za lastno varnost (97 %) in shraniti embalažo kemikalije (76 %), niso pa prepričani, če se kemično opeklino spira z mlačno vodo. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da z naraščanjem starosti laikov upada znanje prve pomoči. Glede na to, da večina pridobi znanje na usposabljanjih, bi bilo smiselno laike, še zlasti starejšo generacijo, motivirati za obnavljanje in posodabljanje znanja prve pomoči.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, opekline, prva pomoč, hlajenje, znanje, smernice
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [U. Serženta]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 32 str., [9] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-156215
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 195452931
• Publication date in RUL: 14.05.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Comparison of first aid knowledge in case of burns between the younger, middle and older generation of laypeople : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: A burn is an injury to the skin or other tissue caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, radiation, radioactivity, or friction. Proper first aid can reduce the depth of the burn and accelerate healing time. For patients requiring surgical treatment with skin grafts or skin substitutes, it has been found that cooling the burn can reduce the surface area needed for transplantation. Contemporary guidelines for first aid in burns emphasize cooling the affected area with clean running water for at least 20 minutes. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the knowledge of first aid measures in burn care among laypeople. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, with data collected using an online survey questionnaire. The sample of 318 respondents was divided into three age groups: younger generation (18-29 years), middle generation (30-59 years), and older generation (over 60 years). Results: It was found that laypeople in all age groups knew that using water was most suitable for burn care, while burn hydrogel was still relatively unknown, although 30% of respondents had used it before. Most would cool burns for 5–10 minutes (29%) or until the pain stopped (27%). Recognition of particularly dangerous burns was only partial. Most laypeople knew when to call 112 for emergency medical assistance in the event of a burn injury. Respondents were mostly able to distinguish between true and false myths about burn care. However, they had a poor understanding of the signs and symptoms of a respiratory burn. Despite only 1% of respondents having encountered a chemical burn, most knew the importance of ensuring their own safety (97%) and storing the packaging of the chemical (76%), although they were unsure whether rinsing a chemical burn with lukewarm water was appropriate. Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicate that as the age of laypeople increases, their knowledge of first aid decreases. Given that most laypeople acquire knowledge through training, it would be sensible to encourage the older generation in particular to refresh and update their knowledge of first aid.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, burns, first aid, cooling, knowledge, guidelines