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Effects of transitioning from conventional to organic farming on soil organic carbon and microbial community : a comparison of long-term non-inversion minimum tillage and conventional tillage
ID Mihelič, Rok (Author), ID Pintarič, Sara (Author), ID Eler, Klemen (Author), ID Suhadolc, Marjetka (Author)

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Abstract
The combination of conservation tillage (non-inversion and no-till) with organic farming is rare due to weed problems. However, both practices have the potential to improve soil quality and increase soil organic C (SOC). This study investigated the changes in SOC, microbial biomass, and microbial composition during the transition from conventional to organic farming (from 2014 to 2020) in a long-term tillage trial established in 1999. Non-inversion minimum tillage to a depth of 10 cm (MT) resulted in SOC stratification, whilst conventional soil tillage with 25-cm-deep mouldboard ploughing (CT) maintained an even SOC distribution in the plough layer. After 12 years of contrasting tillage in 2011, the uppermost soil layer under MT had a 10% higher SOC content (1.6% w/w) than CT (1.45% w/w). This difference became even more pronounced after introducing organic farming in 2014. By the fall of 2020, the SOC content under MT increased to 1.94%, whilst it decreased slightly to 1.36% under CT, resulting in a 43% difference between the two systems. Conversion to organic farming increased microbial biomass under both tillage systems, whilst SOC remained unchanged in CT. Abundances of total bacterial and Crenarchaeal 16S rRNA and fungal ITS genes indicated shifts in the microbial community in response to tillage and depth. Fungal communities under MT were more responsive to organic farming than bacterial communities. The improved soil quality observed under MT supports its adoption in both organic and conventional systems, but potentially large yield losses due to increased weed cover discourage farmers from combining MT and organic farming.

Language:English
Keywords:conservation agriculture, carbon sequestration, microbial biomass, bacteria, archaea, fungi
Work type:Article
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year:2024
Number of pages:Str. 341–355
Numbering:Vol. 60, iss. 3
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-156141 This link opens in a new window
UDC:631.4
ISSN on article:0178-2762
DOI:10.1007/s00374-024-01796-y This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:183130883 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:10.05.2024
Views:339
Downloads:175
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Biology and fertility of soils
Shortened title:Biol. fertil. soils
Publisher:Springer Nature
ISSN:0178-2762
COBISS.SI-ID:512154905 This link opens in a new window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:trajnostno kmetijstvo, vezava ogljika, pedologija, mikrobna biomasa, obdelava tal, bakterije, glive, arheje

Projects

Funder:Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:CORE Organic Plus
Acronym:FertilCrop

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Funding programme:Young researchers

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:V4-2022
Name:Zmanjšanje emisij toplogrednih plinov in povečanje vezave C v tla z ohranitveno obdelavo tal ((akronim "ReC-Till"))

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:L4-9315
Name:EcoFAR: varnost preskrbe s hrano in blažitev podnebnih sprememb z razvojem ekološkega kmetijstva - ohranitvena obdelava tal, bioefektorji in trajnostno upravljanje s pleveli

Funder:ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
Project number:P4-0085
Name:Agroekosistemi

Funder:Other - Other funder or multiple funders
Funding programme:Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food

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