Datafied empiricism versus normative publicness : a philosophical grounding for assessing the influence of new technologies on the digital public sphere

Kaluža, Jernej (author)

New technologies of algorithmisation, data mining, and artificial intelligence appear to elicit contentious impacts on the public sphere. Evaluations of these effects frequently diverge. A noticeable schism exists between critical/normative perspective, which highlights the problematic aspects of data exploitation, surveillance, and imperialism, and market-oriented empirical approaches. Drawing on a conceptual–historical argumentation that links current developments to a longer tradition of social communication research rooted in Enlightenment philosophy, the article highlights the contrast between the normative conceptualisations of publicness and public use of reason on the one hand, and empirical approaches aimed at measuring and managing the public(s) and public opinion on the other. The article first identifies the role of the opposition between Humean empiricism, which is based on the principle of conformity to past habits, and Kantian pure law of publicity, which is systematically opposed to such empiricism on many different layers. This opposition is also rooted in the Enlightenment foundational divide between religious and civil communities. It seems that today, with the predominance of data-driven approaches in adapting opinion to past expectations and beliefs, we are paradoxically again returning to the principles similar to those of functioning of pre-modern (religion- and tradition-based) communities.

• Language: English
• Keywords: publicness, public sphere, big-data, normative philosophy, empiricism, enlightenment
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FDV - Faculty of Social Sciences
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: Str. 106-122
• Numbering: Vol. 31, no. 1
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-156068
• UDC: 165.64:659.3/.4
• ISSN on article: 1318-3222
• DOI: 10.1080/13183222.2024.2320534
• COBISS.SI-ID: 194619907
• Publication date in RUL: 07.05.2024

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Javnost = The public
• Shortened title: Javnost
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis, Evropski inštitut za komuniciranje in kulturo
• ISSN: 1318-3222
• COBISS.SI-ID: 40119808

Licences

• License: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
• Description: The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: javnost, masovni podatki, filozofija, empirizem

Projects

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P5-0051
• Name: Množični mediji, javna sfera in družbene spremembe