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Uporaba vodnobilančnega modela za presojo uporabnosti strategije deficitnega upravljanja količine talne vode pri namakanju žlahtne jablane (Malus domestica Borkh.)
ID Novak, Aljaž (Author), ID Glavan, Matjaž (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Cvejić, Rozalija (Comentor)

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Abstract
V magistrski nalogi smo uporabili vodnobilančni model za ocenjevanje potreb po kapljičnem namakanju jablane sorte 'Gala' iz intenzivnega sadovnjaka v Žadovinku. Med letoma 2018 in 2019 smo s programom Cropwat 8.0 modelirali namakanje z uporabo šestih različnih strategij: 1) »nenamakano« (edini vir vode so padavine); 2) »(N1) do PK« (vodo v tleh z namakanjem vzdržujemo blizu poljske kapacitete); 3) »Deficitno 80 %« (zmanjšan obrok namakanja za 20 %, v primerjavi z namakanjem »(N1) do PK«; 4) »(N2) DUKTV« (vodo v tleh z namakanjem ohranjamo tik nad kritično točko sušnega stresa rastlin; 5) »Na obrok« (pri čemer z namakanjem pokrivamo tri dnevne potrebe po vodi, glede na dnevne potrebe rastlin po evapotranspiraciji); in 6) »Pokrivanje ET0« (namakanje sledi dnevnim potrebam rastlin na podlagi njihove evapotranspiracije). Strategija »(N2) DUKTV« se je v obravnavanem obdobju izkazala za najučinkovitejšo v smislu največjega izkoristka padavin in najmanjše porabe vode, medtem ko druge strategije namakanja potrebujejo več vode in imajo manjši izkoristek padavin. Ob uporabi strategije »(N2) DUKTV«, bi v praksi, na izbranem nasadu jablan v velikosti 170.400 m2, v primerjavi s strategijo »Pokrivanje ET0« privarčevali 39.628,04 m3 vode, v primerjavi z strategijo »(N1) do PK« pa 19.915,44 m3 vode, kar je približno 11,69 % manj. Strategija »(N2) DUKTV« je med preučenimi strategijami pokazala najnižjo povprečno porabo vode, s 155,5 mm, kar je 25,95 % manj kot pri strategiji »Deficitno 80 %« in 59,90 % manj kot pri strategiji »Pokrivanje ET0«. Ker se je strategija »(N2) DUKTV« izkazala za najučinkovitejšo glede porabe vode, bi bilo za boljše razumevanje njenih dolgoročnih učinkov na kakovost tal in vodnih virov ključno izvesti nadaljnje raziskave.

Language:Slovenian
Keywords:kapljično namakanje, vodnobilančni model, Cropwat 8.0, strategije namakanja, deficitno namakanje, poraba vode, izkoristek padavin, intenzivni sadovnjak
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:BF - Biotechnical Faculty
Year:2024
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-156032 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:194270979 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:30.04.2024
Views:515
Downloads:55
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Secondary language

Language:Unknown
Title:Use of the water balance model to assess the utility of the deficit groundwater management strategy in irrigating the cultivated apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)
Abstract:
In our Master's thesis, we used a water balance model to assess the drip irrigation needs of the apple variety 'Gala' from an intensive orchard in Žadovinek. Between 2018 and 2019, using the Cropwat 8.0 software, we modelled irrigation using six different strategies: 1) »Unirrigated« (only source of water is precipitation); 2) »(N1) Up to FC« (maintaining soil water near field capacity through irrigation); 3) »Deficit 80 %« (reducing the irrigation volume by 20 %, compared to the »(N1) Up to FC« strategy); 4) »(N2) DUKTV« (keeping soil water slightly above the critical drought stress point of the plants through irrigation); 5) »Scheduled irrigation« (where irrigation covers three days' water needs, based on the daily evapotranspiration requirements of the plants); and 6) »Covering ET0« (or »Full ETc irrigation«) (irrigation follows the daily needs of plants based on their evapotranspiration). The »(N2) DUKTV« strategy emerged as the most efficient in terms of maximum precipitation utilisation and minimal water use, while the other irrigation strategies required more water and had lower precipitation efficiency. Utilising the »(N2) DUKTV« strategy in practice, in the selected apple orchard covering 170,400 m2, would save 39,628.04 m3 of water compared to the »Covering ET0« (or »Full ETc irrigation«) strategy and 19,915.44 m3 compared to the »(N1) Up to FC« strategy, approximately 11.69 % less. The »(N2) DUKTV« strategy demonstrated the lowest average water consumption among the studied strategies, at 155.5 mm, which is 25.95 % less than the »Deficit 80 %« strategy and 59.90 % less than the »Covering ET0« (or »Full ETc irrigation«) strategy. As the »(N2) DUKTV« strategy proved to be the most efficient in terms of water consumption, further research is essential to better understand its long-term effects on soil quality and water resources.

Keywords:drip irrigation, water balance model, Cropwat 8.0, irrigation strategies, deficit irrigation, water consumption, precipitation efficiency, intensive orchard

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