Določanje hipoklorita v elektrolizirani vodi prehranskega dopolnila

Bangiev, Anja (author), Mravljak, Janez (mentor)

V magistrski nalogi je predstavljena elektrolizirana voda, ki je sestavljena iz enostavnih sestavin – vode in natrijevega klorida in ima številne prednosti na različnih področjih, kot so higiena, medicina in razkuževanje površin. Primer elektrolizirane vode je prehransko dopolnilo ASEA® redox supplement, kjer sta NaCl in voda transformirana v aktivne redoks signalizacijske molekule, ključne za zagotavljanje ustrezne celične komunikacije in optimalnega delovanja imunskega sistema, saj aktivirajo imunski sistem za zaščito pred bakterijami, virusi in okužbami. Raziskali smo različne metode za kvantitativno določanje hipoklorita in kloridnih ionov v vzorcih elektrolizirane vode ASEA redox supplement in vodovodne vode s ciljem ugotovitve ustreznosti uživanja produkta glede na sprejemljive koncentracije v literaturi. Z metodo argentometrije smo določili koncentracijo NaCl, ki je v vzorcu vode ASEA znašala 267,8 mg/100 mL, kar je primerljivo z vrednostjo 270 mg/100 mL NaCl, navedeno na embalaži izdelka ASEA. Izračunali smo še vsebnost kloridnih ionov, ki je bila enaka 162,4 mg/100 mL, kar je v primerjavi s standardi za pitno vodo, ki določajo, da vsebnost kloridnih ionov ne sme presegati 25 mg/100 mL, previsoka. Z jodometrično titracijo smo določili vsebnost hipoklorita, ki je v vzorcu vode ASEA znašala 0,952 µg/mL ± 0,004 µg/mL in je bila primerljiva z rezultati, dobljenimi z UV-VIS spektrofotometrično metodo za določanje hipoklorita s pomočjo rodamina B, kjer je bila koncentracija 1,021 ± 0,134 µg/mL, v vzorcu vodovodne vode pa 0,452 ± 0,133 µg/mL. Metoda določanja hipoklorita s pomočjo rodamina B temelji na sproščanju joda iz kalijevega jodida v kislem mediju; oksidacijo jodida v jod povzroči hipoklorit. Sproščeni jod v naslednjem koraku oksidira dodani rodamin B, zato je koncentracija hipoklorita v vzorcu obratno sorazmerna absorbanci preostalega rodamina B. Vse vrednosti hipoklorita, dobljene z obema metodama so znotraj dovoljenih maksimalnih vsebnosti hipoklorita v pitni vodi, ki znaša do 5 µg/mL. Končno smo s pH metrom izmerili pH v vzorcih vodovodne vode in vode ASEA, ki kažejo, da je voda ASEA skoraj nevtralna s pH 7,1, vodovodna voda pa rahlo bazična zaradi raztopljena kalcijevega in magnezijevega karbonata.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Elektrolizirana voda, hipoklorit, redoks signalizacija, titracija, kloridni ioni
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-155919
• Publication date in RUL: 24.04.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Determination of hypochlorite in the food supplement electrolyzed water

Abstract

This master thesis presents electrolysed water, which consists of simple ingredients - water and sodium chloride - and has many advantages in various fields such as hygiene, medicine and surface disinfection. An example of electrolysed water is the ASEA® redox supplement product, where NaCl and water are transformed into active redox signalling molecules, crucial for ensuring proper cell communication and optimal immune function, as they activate the immune system to protect against bacteria, viruses and infections. Different methods for the quantification of hypochlorite and chloride ions in samples of ASEA redox supplement electrolysed water and tap water were investigated with the aim to determine the adequacy of the product consumption in relation to the acceptable concentrations in the literature. The concentration of NaCl determined by argentometry was 267.8 mg/100 mL in the ASEA water sample, which is comparable to the value of 270 mg/100 mL NaCl stated on the ASEA product packaging. We also calculated the chloride ion content, which was 162.4 mg/100 mL, which is too high compared to the drinking water standards, which stipulate that the chloride ion content should not exceed 25 mg/100 mL. The hypochlorite content was determined by iodometric titration and was 0.952 µg/mL ± 0.004 µg/mL in the ASEA water sample, which was comparable to the results obtained by the UV-VIS spectrophotometric method for the determination of hypochlorite using rhodamine B, where the concentration was 1.021 ± 0.134 µg/mL, and 0.452 ± 0.133 µg/mL in the tap water sample. The method for the determination of hypochlorite by rhodamine B is based on the release of iodine from potassium iodide in an acid medium; the oxidation of iodide to iodine results in hypochlorite. The iodine released in the next step oxidises the added rhodamine B, so that the concentration of hypochlorite in the sample is inversely proportional to the absorbance of the remaining rhodamine B. All hypochlorite values obtained by both methods are within the maximum permitted levels of hypochlorite in drinking water, which is up to 5 µg/mL. Finally, the pH of the tap water and ASEA water samples was measured using a pH meter, which shows that the ASEA water is almost neutral with a pH of 7.1, while the tap water is slightly alkaline, probably mainly due to dissolved calcium and magnesium carbonate.

• Keywords: Electrolysed water, hypochlorite, redox signalling, titration, chloride ions