Pomen tehnologije in religije v kontekstu teistične evolucije Teilharda de Chardina

Pohar, Borut (author)

Eden prvih pionirjev, ki je poskušal katoliški nauk o stvarjenju, odrešenju in zveličanju uskladiti z idejo evolucije, je bil francoski jezuit Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. Verjel je, da ima človeštvo pri nadaljnjem razvoju vesolja pomembno vlogo, saj človeška zavest oziroma misel predstavlja najvišjo stopnjo razvoja vesolja. Ta razvoj naj bi se zaključil z dosego točke Omega, ki privlači vesolje in človeštvo k povezanosti. Gre za izrazito teleološki, finalističen pogled na razvoj vesolja in življenja v njem: točka Omega se povezuje s Kristusom, kakor ga prikazujejo nekateri spisi Nove zaveze. V članku na podlagi Teilhardove filozofije postavljamo in dokazujemo dve hipotezi. Prva pravi, da v evoluciji narave, to je materialnega vesolja (kozmogeneza), življenja (biogeneza) in misli oziroma duha (noogeneza) lahko vidimo reševanje izvirnega teološkega problema – namreč zla nepovezanosti – na način povezovanja enostavnih delov v kompleksno celoto. Druga hipoteza pa trdi, da je sodobna tehnologija eden od pojavov evolucije, konkretno noogeneze, saj z omogočanjem pretoka informacij in transdisciplinarnega učenja, raziskovanja in sodelovanja lahko pospešuje prepletanje enostavnih misli in mislečih oseb v kompleksno celoto. Pri tem ne spregledujemo perečega problema, da tehnologija ne deluje le povezovalno, ampak tudi razdiralno – in sicer ne zato, ker bi bila sama inherentno slaba, ampak zaradi nezdravega duha družbe, ki je zaradi šibke moralne zavesti za nove pridobitve človeštva nezrel. Predlagamo, da je treba smernice za etično uporabo tehnologije razvijati tudi z vidika točke Omega, namreč iz končne popolne kompleksne povezanosti stvarstva – motivacijo za njeno upoštevanje pa moramo iskati v osmišljeni in resnični identiteti oseb, ki jo uporabljajo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: evolucija, proces, kompleksnost, povezanost, prepletanje, tehnologija, poklicna etika, znanost, religija
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.02 - Review Article
• Organization: TEOF - Theological Faculty
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Publication date: 01.01.2023
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: Str. 893-910
• Numbering: Letn. 83, št. 4
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-155803
• UDC: 001:2:575.8
• ISSN on article: 0006-5722
• DOI: 10.34291/BV2023/04/Pohar
• COBISS.SI-ID: 179018499
• Publication date in RUL: 18.04.2024

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Bogoslovni vestnik = Theological quarterly : Glasilo Teološke fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani
• Shortened title: Bogosl. vestn.
• Publisher: Univerza v Ljubljani, Teološka fakulteta
• ISSN: 0006-5722
• COBISS.SI-ID: 8745472

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The meaning of technology and religion in the context of Teilhard de Chardin’s theistic evolution

Abstract

One of the first pioneers to try to reconcile the Catholic doctrine of creation, salvation and redemption with the idea of evolution was the French Jesuit Pierre Teilhard de Chardin. He believed that humanity has an important role to play in the further development of the universe, since human consciousness or thought represents the highest stage of the evolution of the universe. This evolution was to be completed by reaching the Omega Point, which draws the universe and humanity towards the perfect complex interconnectedness. This is a distinctly teleological, finalistic view of the evolution of the universe and of life in it, and the Omega Point is associated with Christ, as depicted in some of the writings of the New Testament. In this paper, two hypotheses are put forward on the basis of Teilhard’s philosophy and proved by scientific facts. The first is that in the evolution of nature, that is, of the material universe (cosmogenesis), of life (abiogenesis) and of thought or spirit (noogenesis), we can see the solution of the original theological problem, namely, the evil of disconnectedness, by means of the integration of simple parts into a complex whole. The second hypothesis argues that modern technology is one of the phenomena of evolution, specifically of noogenesis, because by facilitating the flow of information and transdisciplinary learning, research and collaboration, it can foster the interweaving of simple thoughts and thinking persons into a complex whole. This is not to overlook the pressing problem where technology is not only connective but also disruptive, not because it is inherently bad, but because of the unhealthy spirit of a society that is immature to the new gains of humanity due to a weak moral consciousness. In this article we suggest that guidelines for the ethical use of technology should also be developed from the perspective of the Omega Point, namely from the ultimate full complex interconnectedness of creation, and that the motivation for following them should be found in the meaningful and realizes identity of the persons who use them.

• Keywords: evolution, process, complexity, interconnectedness, interweaving, technology, professional ethics, science, religion

Projects

• Funder: ARIS - Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency
• Project number: P6-0269-2022
• Name: Religija, etika, edukacija in izzivi sodobne družbe