Identifikacija dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na raven znanja prve pomoči pri akutni možganski kapi : diplomsko delo

Levstik, Laura (author), Kovačič, Uroš (mentor), Slabe, Damjan (comentor), Sotler, Robert (reviewer)

Uvod: Možganska kap (MK) predstavlja velik svetovni izziv za javno zdravje. Za uspešno zdravljenje akutne možganske kapi (AMK) je ključnega pomena čas od začetka simptomov bolezni do medicinske obravnave bolnika. Namen: Predstaviti smo želeli pomen ukrepov prve pomoči (PP) pri AMK, ugotoviti, kakšna je raven znanja laikov o PP pri AMK, ugotoviti, ali obstajajo razlike v poznavanju ukrepov PP med posamezniki glede na demografske značilnosti in identificirati vire in ovire v znanju PP o AMK med laično populacijo. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda s pregledom domače in tuje relevantne literature. V teoretičnem delu je bil narejen pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Zbiranje podatkov je potekalo s pomočjo namensko izdelanega vprašalnika o poznavanju ukrepov PP pri AMK. Podatke smo zbirali z orodjem za spletno anketiranje 1KA. Vprašalnik je bil sestavljen iz 15 vprašanj, med katerimi sta bili 2 vprašanji odprtega tipa. Prvi sklop so predstavljala vprašanja o demografskih podatkih, drugi sklop vprašanja o poznavanju znamenj in simptomov AMK in tretji sklop vprašanja o poznavanju ukrepov PP pri AMK. Pridobljene podatke smo obdelali s pomočjo Microsoft Excel Office Home različica 2019. Rezultati: V vzorec je bilo vključenih 208 anketirancev, od tega 69 % (n = 143) oseb ženskega in 30 % (n = 64) oseb moškega spola. Bolezensko stanje HMK (hemoragična možganska kap) je prepoznalo 48 % (n = 99), IMK (ishemična možganska kap) pa 53 % (n = 68) oseb. Razčlemba akronima GROM je bila uspešna pri 96 osebah (46 %), kjer so s 50 % prevladovale osebe z višješolsko izobrazbo ter so usposabljanje iz PP opravljale pred 2–5 leti. V primeru, da oseba kaže znake AMK, bi 39 % (n = 83) oseb najprej preverilo, ali se ta odziva. Telefonsko številko 112 bi takoj poklicalo 37 % (n = 77) oseb. Razprava in zaključek: Na osnovi pridobljenih rezultatov lahko sklepamo, da anketiranci vedo, kaj je AMK. Ozaveščanje laikov o AMK bi moralo biti osredotočeno na specifične demografske skupine z nižjo ravnjo znanja, s poudarkom na simptomih in dejavnikih tveganja za MK ter na pomembnost takojšnje ustrezne PP.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, cerebrovaskularni inzult, ozaveščenost laične populacije, dejavniki tveganja, simptomi in znamenja
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [L. Levstik]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 34 str., [8] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-155246
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 189894403
• Publication date in RUL: 22.03.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Identification of factors affecting the level of first aid knowledge in acute stroke : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke (ST) represents a major global challenge for public health. For successful treatment of acute stroke (AST), the time from the onset of symptoms of the disease to medical care for the patient is crucial. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present the significance of first aid (FA) measures in AST, assess the level of knowledge among laypersons regarding FA in AST, determine whether there are differences in the understanding of FA measures among individuals based on demographic characteristics, and identify sources and obstacles in the knowledge of FA in AST among people. Methods: A descriptive method was used with a review of relevant domestic and foreign literature. In the theoretical part, a review of professional and scientific literature in both Slovenian and English was conducted. Data collection was carried out using a purpose-made questionnaire on the knowledge and FA measures in AST. Data were gathered using the online survey tool 1KA. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions, including 2 open-ended questions. The first set comprised questions of demographic data, the second set on knowledge of signs and symptoms of AST, and the third set on knowledge of FA measures in AST. The obtained data were processed using Microsoft Excel Office Home version 2019. Results: The sample included 208 respondents, of which 69% (n=143) were females and 30% (n=64) were males. Hemorrhagic stroke (Hemorrhagic Brain Stroke, HBS) was recognized by 48% (n=99) individuals, while Ischemic Stroke (IS) was identified by 53% (n=68) of individuals. The breakdown of the acronym GROM was successful for 96 individuals (46%), predominantly those with higher education (50%) and who had undergone FA measures training 2–5 years ago. In the event of a person showing signs of AS, 39% (n=83) would first check if they were responsive. A total of 37% (n=77) of participants would call the emergency number 112. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that respondents are aware of AST. Raising awareness among laypersons about AST should be focused on specific demographic groups with a lower level of knowledge, emphasizing the symptoms and risk factors for stroke, as well as the importance of immediate appropriate FA measures.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, cerebrovascular insult, awareness of the general population, risk factors, symptoms and signs