Introduction: Gestational diabetes is defined as hyperglycemia that occurs or is detected for the first time during pregnancy. The first step in the treatment of gestational diabetes is to change the lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet and physical activity. When these measures are not sufficient, the doctor also introduces pharmacological treatment for the pregnant woman. Part of the monitoring of gestational diabetes is also the self-control of blood sugar levels. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to present, with a review of scientific and professional literature, the role of the nurse in the health care and education of a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes, and the importance of good education for empowering the pregnant woman for a healthy course of pregnancy. Methods: The descriptive method of work with a review and analysis of scientific and professional literature on gestational diabetes was used in the diploma thesis. The literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, DiKUL and COBISS, and in reference lists in the period from January 2023 to June 2023. Results: A total of 14 articles were included in the detailed final analysis and presented with the help of two tables and descriptions below the tables. Nutritional therapy is the basis for the treatment of gestational diabetes; in combination with physical activity, it further improves glycemic control. Self-control of blood sugar levels is associated with better neonatal outcomes. Discussion and conclusion: The analysis of the literature review proved that changing the lifestyle to a healthy one is an important strategy for treating gestational diabetes and is associated with better maternal and neonatal outcomes. The biggest impact on the outcome of pregnancy is nutrition; in combination with physical activity and self-control of blood sugar levels, the pregnant woman with gestational diabetes achieves even better control over the disease.
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