Vloga medicinske sestre pri zdravstveni obravnavi nosečnice z gestacijskim diabetesom : diplomsko delo

Plevel, Nika (author), Mlinar, Suzana (mentor), Ovijač, Darja (reviewer)

Uvod: Gestacijski diabetes je definiran kot hiperglikemija, ki se prvič pojavi med nosečnostjo. Pomemben del zdravljenja za doseganje urejene glikemije pri nosečnici z gestacijskim diabetesom je sprememba življenjskega sloga, z uravnoteženo prehrano in redno telesno dejavnostjo. Kadar ti ukrepi niso zadostni, zdravnik nosečnici uvede tudi farmakološko zdravljenje. Del spremljanja gestacijskega diabetesa je tudi izvajanje samokontrole ravni krvnega sladkorja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je s pregledom znanstvene in strokovne literature predstaviti vlogo medicinske sestre pri zdravstveni obravnavi nosečnice z gestacijskim diabetesom in pomen dobre edukacije nosečnice za zdrav potek nosečnosti. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom in analizo znanstvene in strokovne literature na temo gestacijskega diabetesa. Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, DiKUL in COBBIS ter referenčnih seznamih v obdobju od januarja 2023 do junija 2023. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih 14 člankov. Prehranska terapija je osnova za zdravljenje gestacijskega diabetesa in v kombinaciji s telesno dejavnostjo še dodatno izboljša glikemični nadzor. Izvajanje samokontrole ravni krvnega sladkorja je povezano z boljšimi neonatalnimi izidi. Razprava in zaključek: Sprememba življenjskega sloga v zdrav življenjski slog je pomembna strategija zdravljenja gestacijskega diabetesa in je povezana z boljšimi maternalnimi in neonatalnimi izidi. Največji vpliv na izid nosečnosti ima prehrana, v kombinaciji z redno telesno dejavnostjo in izvajanjem samokontrole krvnega sladkorja, ki nosečnico z gestacijskim diabetesom opolnomoči in ji pomaga, da doseže še boljši nadzor nad boleznijo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, gestacijski diabetes, vloga medicinske sestre, samokontrola ravni krvnega sladkorja, zdrav življenjski slog
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [N. Plevel]
• Year: 2024
• Number of pages: 30 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-154877
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 187974147
• Publication date in RUL: 07.03.2024

PLEVEL, Nika, 2024, Vloga medicinske sestre pri zdravstveni obravnavi nosečnice z gestacijskim diabetesom : diplomsko delo [online]. Bachelor’s thesis. Ljubljana : N. Plevel. [Accessed 18 May 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=154877

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of a nurse in medical treatment of a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is defined as hyperglycemia that occurs or is detected for the first time during pregnancy. The first step in the treatment of gestational diabetes is to change the lifestyle, which includes a balanced diet and physical activity. When these measures are not sufficient, the doctor also introduces pharmacological treatment for the pregnant woman. Part of the monitoring of gestational diabetes is also the self-control of blood sugar levels. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma thesis is to present, with a review of scientific and professional literature, the role of the nurse in the health care and education of a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes, and the importance of good education for empowering the pregnant woman for a healthy course of pregnancy. Methods: The descriptive method of work with a review and analysis of scientific and professional literature on gestational diabetes was used in the diploma thesis. The literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, DiKUL and COBISS, and in reference lists in the period from January 2023 to June 2023. Results: A total of 14 articles were included in the detailed final analysis and presented with the help of two tables and descriptions below the tables. Nutritional therapy is the basis for the treatment of gestational diabetes; in combination with physical activity, it further improves glycemic control. Self-control of blood sugar levels is associated with better neonatal outcomes. Discussion and conclusion: The analysis of the literature review proved that changing the lifestyle to a healthy one is an important strategy for treating gestational diabetes and is associated with better maternal and neonatal outcomes. The biggest impact on the outcome of pregnancy is nutrition; in combination with physical activity and self-control of blood sugar levels, the pregnant woman with gestational diabetes achieves even better control over the disease.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, gestational diabetes, role of the nurse, self-control of blood sugar levels, healthy lifestyle