Vsebnost nekaterih primarnih metabolitov in skupnih fenolov v izbranih sortah jabolk, kupljenih v spomladanskem in jesenskem času

Stražar, Anže (author), Mikulič Petkovšek, Maja (mentor)

V magistrski nalogi smo analizirali vsebnosti sladkorjev, organskih kislin, askorbinske kisline in skupnih fenolov v jabolkih sort 'Idared', 'Zlati delišes' ter 'Granny Smith', ki smo jih spomladi in jeseni kupili v trgovinah. Naredili smo primerjavo v vsebnosti analiziranih snovi med sortami in primerjavo med terminoma. Vsebnosti sladkorjev, organskih kislin in askorbinske kisline smo analizirali s pomočjo HPLC. Vsebnosti skupnih fenolov smo analizirali spektrofotometrično. Vsebnost skupnih sladkorjev se med terminoma ni razlikovala. V jesenskem terminu so jabolka sorte 'Granny Smith' imela najmanjšo vsebnost skupnih sladkorjev. V vseh sortah in obeh terminih je bila med sladkorji v največji meri prisotna fruktoza, sledili sta ji saharoza in glukoza, najmanj je bilo sorbitola. V obeh terminih so imela jabolka 'Zlati Delišes' največjo vsebnost fruktoze. Vsebnost skupnih organskih kislin se med terminoma ni razlikovala. Najmanjšo vsebnost skupnih organskih kislin so v jesenskem terminu imela jabolka 'Zlati Delišes'. V vseh sortah in obeh terminih je bila med organskimi kislinami v največji meri zastopana jabolčna kislina, sledile so ji citronska, šikimska in fumarna kislina. Največ jabolčne kisline so imela jabolka sort 'Idared' in 'Granny Smith'. Jabolka so v spomladanskem terminu imela značilno večjo vsebnost citronske in šikimske kisline. Vsebnost askorbinske kisline je bila v jesenskem terminu značilno večja. Vsebnost skupnih fenolov se med terminoma ni razlikovala, med sortami pa so imela največjo vsebnost skupnih fenolov jabolka sorte 'Idared'.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: jabolko, jablana, Malus domestica, sladkorji, kisline, askorbinska kislina, skupni fenoli, pomlad, jesen
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Year: 2024
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-154232-90248486-a67b-322b-a6cd-ae8ef1ccd39c
• COBISS.SI-ID: 183869699
• Publication date in RUL: 03.02.2024

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Content of sugars, organic acids, total phenolics and vitamin C in selected apple cultivars in spring and autumn season

Abstract

In the master's thesis, we analyzed the content of sugars, organic acids, ascorbic acid and total phenolics in apples of the cultivars 'Idared', 'Golden Delicious' and 'Granny Smith', which we bought in spring and autumn in stores. We compared the content of the analyzed compounds between cultivars and between the two seasons. The content of individual sugars, organic acids and ascorbic acid was analyzed using high–performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of total phenolics was analyzed using a spectrophotometer. The total sugar content of the apples did not differ between the seasons. In autumn, 'Granny Smith' apples had the lowest total sugar content. Fructose was the most abundant sugar in all cultivars and in both seasons, followed by sucrose, glucose and sorbitol. 'Golden Delicious' apples had the highest fructose content in both seasons. The total organic acid content did not differ between seasons. The lowest total organic acid content in autumn was found in 'Golden Delicious'. In all cultivars and in both seasons, malic acid was the most abundant organic acid, followed by citric, shikimic and fumaric acid. 'Idared' and 'Granny Smith' had the highest malic acid in both seasons. Apples in spring had a significantly higher content of citric and shikimic acid. The ascorbic acid content did not differ between cultivars. The ascorbic acid content in apples was significantly higher in the autumn than in the spring. The content of total phenolics did not differ between seasons, with the highest content found in 'Idared' apples.

• Keywords: apple, apple tree, Malus domestica, sugars, acids, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, spring, autumn