Spolnost po poškodbi hrbtenjače in vloga delovne terapije : diplomsko delo

Emeršič, Kristina Ana (author), Sicherl, Zorana (mentor), Grabner, Petra (comentor), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Poškodba hrbtenjače je poškodba katerega koli dela hrbtenjače ali živcev, ki ob prenosu informacij povzročijo izgubo senzoričnih, motoričnih in avtonomnih funkcij. Najpogosteje prihaja do težav z nevrogenim črevesjem in mehurjem, okužb sečil, težav s krvnim tlakom in regulacije temperature, razjed zaradi pritiska, sprememb v spolni funkciji, kronične in nevropatke bolečine ter do avtonomne disrefleksije. Sekundarno pride do težav s hranjenjem, z umivanjem in oblačenjem. Namen: Ugotoviti, kako osebe po poškodbi hrbtenjače sprejemajo spolnost ter s katerimi težavami se spoprijemajo pri njej, katere pripomočke uporabljajo in kakšna je lahko vloga delovnih terapevtov pri obravnavi spolnosti v rehabilitacij omenjene populacije. Metode dela: Izvedena je bila kvantitativna metoda raziskovanja, in sicer spletna anketa na spletnem mestu 1ka.si. Anketa je vsebovala 40 vprašanj, ki so bila razdeljena v sklope: demografski podatki, spolni odnosi, spolni pripomočki, težave na področju spolnosti in vloga delovnega terapevta. Rezultati: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 61 udeležencev. Vanjo so bili vključeni moški in ženske od 20 do 84 let s poškodbo hrbtenjače. Ugotovitve so pokazale, da se najpogosteje srečujejo s pomanjkanjem spontanosti, z nezmožnostjo zadovoljiti partnerja, kot bi si želeli, s ponavljajočim se podrejenim položajem pri spolni aktivnosti, z vrtoglavico, s slabostjo, z iskanjem ustreznega položaja, vzpostavitvijo in z zadržanjem erekcije. Spolnih pripomočkov se osebe po poškodbi hrbtenjače ne poslužujejo oziroma uporabljajo le osnovne pripomočke, kot so lubrikanti in vibratorji. Izkazala se je tudi pomembnost vključitve delovnih terapevtov v proces obravnave. Ti bi lahko ocenili varnost spolnega položaja glede na vrsto poškodbe, predstavili spolne pripomočke in sodelovali v procesu izobraževanja o spolnosti po poškodbi hrbtenjače. Razprava in zaključek: Spolnost po poškodbi hrbtenjače lahko predstavlja velik izziv za osebe s poškodbo in tudi za njihove partnerje. Delovni terapevti bi z uporabo modelov in ocenjevalnih instrumentov podprli vključitev spolnosti v rehabilitacijo. Zgodnja obravnava spolnosti je ključnega pomena za izboljšanje kakovosti življenja. Pomembna pa bi bila tudi vključitev seksologa, urologa in ginekologa v obstoječi interdisciplinarni tim v začetni rehabilitaciji.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, intimnost, delovni terapevt, okvara hrbtenjače
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [K. A. Emeršič]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 35 str., [11] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-153359
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 179176707
• Publication date in RUL: 23.12.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Sexuality after spinal cord injuries and the role of occupational therapy : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Spinal cord injury is an injury to any part of the spinal cord or nerves that results in loss of sensory, motor and autonomic functions when information is transmitted. The most common problems are neurogenic bowel and bladder problems, urinary tract infections, blood pressure and temperature regulation problems, pressure ulcers, changes in sexual function, chronic and neuropathic pain, and autonomic dysreflexia. Secondary problems occur with feeding, washing and dressing. Purpose: to find out how people with spinal cord injury accept and cope with sexuality, what aids they use and what role occupational therapists can play in the management of sexuality in the rehabilitation of this population. Methods: A quantitative method was implemented – an online survey on the website 1ka.si. The survey consisted of 40 questions divided into the following sections: demographic data, sexual relations, sexual aids, sexual problems and the role of the occupational therapist. Results: The 61 participants were men and women aged 20 to 84 years with spinal cord injury. The findings showed that the most common problems they experienced were lack of spontaneity, inability to satisfy their partner as they would like to, repetitive submissive positioning during sexual activity, dizziness, nausea, finding the right position, getting, and keeping an erection. People with spinal cord injury do not use sexual aids or only basic aids such as lubricants and vibrators. The importance of involving occupational therapists in the treatment process has also been demonstrated. An occupational therapist could assess the safety of the sexual position according to the type of injury, introduce sexual aids and participate in the process of education about sexuality after spinal cord injury. Discussion and conclusion: Sexuality after spinal cord injury can be very challenging, both for the person with the injury and for their partners. Occupational therapists would support the inclusion of sexuality in rehabilitation through the use of models and assessment instruments. Early management of sexuality is crucial to improve quality of life. It would also be important to include a sexologist, urologist and gynaecologist in the existing interdisciplinary team in initial rehabilitation.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, intimacy, occupational therapist, spinal cord impairment