Sexuality education plays an important role in elementary education, when children are developing sexually and physically. Understanding sexuality is key to maintaining sexual health, as it helps reduce risks such as sexually transmitted infections and sexual abuse. At the same time, it has a broader significance, affecting personal integrity, personal development and integration into society through further education and career choices. As a result, it is crucial that the educational content at primary school level includes topics related to sexuality and physical development, but that it is delivered in a way that it is age-appropriate and comprehensible, and that encourages healthy development. Striking a balance between appropriate sex education and protecting the sensitivity of these topics is essential to creating a safe and supportive learning environment. We were also interested in how different countries are integrating sex education into primary education, what the objectives of such programmes are, and what the effects are on pupils and society as a whole, focusing on the Netherlands, Poland and Slovenia.
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