Analiza porabe električne energije senzorskih elementov v mobilnem omrežju

Rus, Matej (author), Zimic, Nikolaj (mentor)

V 4. generaciji mobilnih tehnologij se začnejo uveljavljati radijske tehnologije, ki omogočajo napravam IoT dolgo obratovalno dobo z baterijskim napajanjem, ki je lahko v določenih primerih več kot 10 let. Dve ključni radijski tehnologiji, ki omogočata energetsko učinkovito komunikacijo, sta LTE CAT M1 in NB-IoT. V delu raziskujemo, kako različni komunikacijski protokoli in mehanizmi za varčevanje s porabo energije vplivajo na porabo energije komunikacijskega modula GM02S, ki je povezan v omrežje LTE CAT M1. Za zajemanje meritev smo izdelali merilnik porabe energije, ki nam omogoča merjenje porabe energije ter avtomatično izvajanje testov pošiljanja in prejemanja sporočil za komunikacijske protokole UDP, TCP in MQTT. Meritve so bile osredotočene predvsem na obnašanje komunikacijskih protokolov v razmerah s slabim signalom. Testirali smo porabo energije pošiljanja in prejemanja sporočil za komunikacijske protokole UDP, TCP in MQTT. Meritve so bile izvedene pri dobrem (RSSI = 20) in slabem (RSSI = 10) signalu. Pri dobrem signalu so meritve porabe manjše in veliko manj razpršene kot v razmerah pri slabem signalu. Poraba pri pošiljanju in prejemanju sporočil je bila najmanjša pri komunikacijskem protokolu UDP, kar je bilo tudi pričakovano, saj ne uporablja mehanizmov za preverjanje dostave sporočila. Tehnologija PSM omogoča, da se komunikacijski modul nahaja v spanju, kjer porabi izredno malo energije, ob zbuditvi pa ni potrebe po ponovni prijavi v omrežje. Primerjali smo uporabo tehnologije PSM s stalno aktivnostjo komunikacijskega modula GM02S. Ugotovili smo, da ob stalni aktivnosti porabimo 3167-krat več energije kot v stanju PSM.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: računalništvo in informatika, komunikacijski protokoli, mobilna omrežja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FRI - Faculty of Computer and Information Science
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-153149
• COBISS.SI-ID: 178895107
• Publication date in RUL: 19.12.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Electrical consumption analysis of the sensor elements in mobile network

Abstract

In the 4th generation of mobile technologies, radio technologies that enable IoT devices to have a long operational lifespan with battery power are emerging. In certain cases, this lifespan can exceed 10 years. Two key radio technologies facilitating energy-efficient communication are LTE CAT M1 and NB-IoT. This research explores how different communication protocols and power-saving mechanisms impact the energy consumption of the communication module GM02S connected to the LTE CAT M1 network. To capture measurements, we developed an energy consumption meter allowing us to measure energy consumption and automatically conduct tests for sending and receiving messages using communication protocols UDP, TCP, and MQTT. The measurements are primarily focused on the behavior of communication protocols in low-signal conditions. We tested the energy consumption of sending and receiving messages for communication protocols UDP, TCP, and MQTT. The measurements were conducted in good (RSSI = 20) and poor (RSSI = 10) signal conditions. In a good signal, energy consumption measurements were smaller and much less dispersed than in poor signal conditions. The lowest energy consumption for sending and receiving messages occurred with the UDP communication protocol, as expected, as it does not use mechanisms to check message delivery. The PSM (Power Saving Mode) technology allows the communication module to be in a sleeping state, consuming minimal energy. Upon awakening, there is no need to re-register with the network. We compared the use of PSM technology with the continuous activity of the communication module GM02S. We found that continuous activity consumes 3167 times more energy than in the PSM state.

• Keywords: computer science, communication protocols, mobile networks