Does a compatibilizer enhance the properties of carbon fiber-reinforced composites?

Gangwani, Prashant (author), Kalin, Mitjan (author), Emami, Nazanin (author)

We have evaluated the effectiveness of compatibilizers in blends and composites produced using a solvent manufacturing process. The compatibilizers were two different types of polyethylene (linear low-density and high-density) grafted with maleic anhydride (MAH) and a highly functionalized, epoxy-based compatibilizer with the trade name Joncryl. The selected material combinations were an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with MAH-based materials as compatibilizers and a polyphenylene sulfide plus polytetrafluoroethylene (PPS-PTFE) polymer blend with an epoxy-based compatibilizer. The findings revealed that while the compatibilizers consistently enhanced the properties, such as the impact strength and hardness of PPS-based compositions, their utility is constrained to less complex compositions, such as fibrous-reinforced PPS or PPS-PTFE polymer blends. For fibrous-reinforced PPS-PTFE composites, the improvement in performance does not justify the presence of compatibilizers. In contrast, for UHMWPE compositions, compatibilizers demonstrated negligible or even detrimental effects, particularly in reinforced UHMWPE. Overall, the epoxy-based compatibilizer Joncryl stands out as the only effective option for enhancing mechanical performance. Thermal and chemical characterization indicated that the compatibilizers function as chain extenders and enhance the fiber–matrix interface in PPS-based compositions, while they remain inactive in UHMWPE-based compositions. Ultimately, the incompatibility of the compatibilizers with certain aspects of the manufacturing method and the inconsistent integration with the polymer are the main reasons for their ineffectiveness in UHMWPE compositions.

• Language: English
• Keywords: compatibilizers, carbon fiber, polymer composites, UHMWPE, PTFE, PPS
• Work type: Article
• Typology: 1.01 - Original Scientific Article
• Organization: FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
• Publication status: Published
• Publication version: Version of Record
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 18 str.
• Numbering: Vol. 15, iss. 23, art. 4608
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-153131
• UDC: 678
• ISSN on article: 2073-4360
• DOI: 10.3390/polym15234608
• COBISS.SI-ID: 178027779
• Publication date in RUL: 19.12.2023

GANGWANI, Prashant, KALIN, Mitjan and EMAMI, Nazanin, 2023, Does a compatibilizer enhance the properties of carbon fiber-reinforced composites? Polymers [online]. 2023. Vol. 15, no. 23,  4608. [Accessed 30 April 2025]. DOI 10.3390/polym15234608. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=153131

Record is a part of a journal

• Title: Polymers
• Shortened title: Polymers
• Publisher: MDPI
• ISSN: 2073-4360
• COBISS.SI-ID: 517951257

Licences

• License: CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
• Link: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
• Description: This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.

Secondary language

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: kompatibilizatorji, ogljikova vlakna, polimerni kompoziti

Projects

• Funder: EC - European Commission
• Funding programme: H2020
• Project number: 860246
• Name: GreenTRIBOS
• Acronym: GreenTRIBOS

• Funder: ARRS - Slovenian Research Agency
• Project number: P2-0231
• Name: Tribologija