Ugotavljanje občutljivosti slovenskih izolatov bakterije Mycoplasma pneumoniae za makrolide z molekularnimi metodami

Kralj, Bistra (author), Keše, Darja (mentor)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae je pogost respiratorni patogen, ki povzroča okužbe zgornjih in spodnjih dihal pri vseh starostnih skupinah. Okužbe se najpogosteje pojavljajo pri otrocih in mladih odraslih, klinični znaki pa vključujejo vse od blagih simptomov do razvoja atipične pljučnice. Okužbe z M. pneumoniae se pojavljajo endemično in epidemično po vsem svetu. Zdravljenje običajno poteka z makrolidi zaradi njihove nizke toksičnosti, nizke vrednosti minimalne inhibitorne koncentracije (MIK) in nizkega tveganja za kontraindikacije pri otrocih. V zadnjih letih je močno naraslo število okužb s sevi M. pneumoniae, ki so odporni proti makrolidom. Delež odpornih sevov je trenutno največji v Aziji, kjer je odpornih 80% do 100% sevov, število primerov pa narašča tudi v Evropi in Ameriki. V Sloveniji, se je delež odpornih sevov pred letom 2016 gibal pod 1%. V našo raziskavo smo vključili 622 vzorcev izolirane DNA bolnikov, zbranih med leti 2016 in 2022 pri katerih je bila dokazana okužba z M. pneumoniae. Z metodo PCR v realnem času in analizo krivulje taljenja smo dokazali 7 (1,01%) proti makrolidom odpornih sevov M. pneumoniae. Mutacije, ki vplivajo na odpornost seva pa smo potrdili s sekvenčno analizo 23S rRNA. Sekvenciranje je bilo uspešno pri treh izolatih (43%), pri katerih je bila odkrita mutacija na mestu A2058G v domeni V gena 23S rRNA.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: mikoplazme, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, makrolidni antibiotiki, odpornost bakterij na antibiotike, molekularne metode
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [B. Kralj]
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-152760
• UDC: 579.24:579.887:615.33
• COBISS.SI-ID: 177644035
• Publication date in RUL: 06.12.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Determination of susceptibility of Slovenian Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates to macrolides by molecular methods

Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen that causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections in all age groups. Infections are most common in children and young adults, where clinical symptoms range from mild symptoms to the development of atypical pneumonia. Treatment usually involves macrolide antibiotics due to their low toxicity, low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, and low risk of contraindications in children. M. pneumoniae infections occur endemically and epidemically worldwide. In recent years, the number of infections with macrolide-resistant strains of M. pneumoniae has increased significantly. The proportion of resistant strains is currently highest in Asia, where 80% to 100% of strains are resistant, the number of cases is also increasing in Europe and America. Before 2016, the proportion of rmacrolide resistant M. pneumoniae in Slovenia was less than 1%. In our study, we included 622 DNA isolates from patients collected between 2016 and 2022 with confirmed M. pneumoniae infection. Using real-time PCR and melting curve analysis, we detected 7 (1,01 %) macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae strains. Resistance to macrolides was confirmed by sequencing the 23S rRNA gene. Sequencing was successful for three isolates (43 %) in which a mutation was found at position A2058G in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene.

• Keywords: mycoplasma, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae, antibiotic resistance, macrolides, molecular methods