Delovna terapija in duševno zdravje mladostnikov : diplomsko delo

Stopar, Jasmina (author), Plemelj Mohorič, Alenka (mentor), Gričar, Nevenka (reviewer)

Uvod: Dobro duševno zdravje mladostnika pripomore k njegovemu dobremu počutju ter mu omogoča izvedbo okupacij in bolj učinkovito delovanje v vsakodnevnem življenju. Namen: Proučiti delovnoterapevtsko obravnavo mladostnikov z motnjo v duševnem zdravju, ter strategije in pristope, ki se najpogosteje uporabljajo pri obravnavi. Metode dela: Izveden je bil pregled literature s pomočjo modela PRISMA. Iskanje je potekalo s pomočjo znanstvenih baz Academic Search Complete, Sage Journals, Web of Science, Eric in Medline. Pri iskanju je bila uporabljena kombinacija ključnih besed delovna terapija, mladostnik in duševna motnja v angleškem jeziku: occupational therapy, adolescent, mental disorder. V analizo so bili vključeni članki izdani med leti 2010–2022, napisani v angleškem jeziku, s polnim dostopom do celotnega besedila. Rezultati: V končno analizo je bilo vključenih dvanajst člankov, ki so bili objavljeni v znanstvenih revijah. V vseh člankih je bila navedena uporaba različnih intervencij, v katere se je vključevala tudi delovna terapija. Razprava in zaključek: Analiza izbranih člankov je podala dve temi: vpliv delovnoterapevtskih obravnav na mladostnike z motnjo v duševnem zdravju in vrste strategij, ki jih delovna terapija uporablja pri delu. Izboljšano vsakodnevno delovanje, večje zanimanje za vključevanje v okupacije in večje zadovoljstvo pri njihovi izvedbi, opazno zmanjšanje negativnih vedenjskih vzorcev, prisotno zmanjšanje stresa in lažje izražanje čustev, izboljšana socializacija in lažje vzpostavljanje odnosov z drugimi ter zmanjšanje simptomov duševne motnje so eni izmed glavnih pozitivnih učinkov vključevanja delovne terapije v obravnave mladostnikov z motnjo v duševnem zdravju. Preko različnih individualnih in skupinskih obravnav, ki temeljijo na vedenjsko-kognitivnih strategijah in spodbujajo posameznikov duševni razvoj in dobro počutje, delovni terapevti dosežejo, da uporabniki razvijajo svoja močna področja in spretnosti, iščejo nove interese, gradijo na svoji samopodobi, zadovoljstvu in samozavesti, ter oblikujejo in vzpostavljajo zdrave rutine, ki jim prinesejo potreben nadzor v njihovem življenju. V same obravnave se vključujejo tudi drugi deležniki, na primer starši, ki nudijo potrebno podporo pri samem procesu izvedbe obravnav. V prihodnje pa so potrebni še dodatni premiki v smeri raziskav na tem področju, saj je samo področje relativno slabo raziskano.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, delovna terapija, obravnava, mentalno zdravje, mladostništvo, kakovost življenja, okupacije
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Stopar]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 32 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-152226
• UDC: 615.851
• COBISS.SI-ID: 171800323
• Publication date in RUL: 12.11.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Occupational therapy and adolescent mental health : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Good mental health contributes to a young person's well – being and enables them to carry out their occupations and function normally in their daily lives. Purpose: To explore the impact of occupational therapists treatments and approaches that are most commonly used in these treatments. Methods: A literature review was carried out, using the PRISMA model. The search was conducted using the scientific databases Academic Search Complete, Sage journals, Web of Science, Eric and Medline. The search was implemented with using a combination of the following keywords in english: occupational therapy, adolescent, mental disorder. The analysis included articles published between 2010 and 2022, written in English, with full access to the full text. Results: Twelve articles published in scientific journals were included in the final analysis. All the articles mentioned the use of different interventions, including occupational therapy. Discussion and conclusion: The analysis of the selected articles itself provided two themes for discussion: the impact of occupational therapy treatments on adolescent with mental health disorder and the types of strategies occupational therapists use in their work. Improved daily functioning, greater interest in and satisfaction with occupational activities, a marked reduction in negative behavioural patterns, a reduction in stress and easier expression of emotions, improved socialisation and ease of relating to others, and a reduction in symptoms of mental disorder are some of the main positive effects of integrating occupational therapy into the treatment of adolescents with a mental health disorders. Through a variety of individual and group sessions based on behavioural and cognitive strategies that promote the individual's mental development and well-being, occupational therapists get clients to develop their areas of strength and skills, explore new interests, build on their self-esteem, satisfaction and self-confidence, and design and establish healthy routines that bring them the control they need in their lives. Other stakeholders, such as parents, are also involved in the treatment process itself, providing the necessary support. However, further research in this area is still needed in the future, as the field itself is relatively poorly researched.

• Keywords: diploma theses, occupational therapy, occupational therapy treatment, mental health, adolescence, quality of life, occupation