This research work aimed to enhance cadastral mapping and maps in selected land administration systems by developing a concept for using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) photogrammetry to evaluate the accuracy of data on land boundaries and to detect inconsistencies in cadastral maps. Based on photogrammetric data captured by a UAV and photogrammetric image processing, we identified inconsistencies in land boundary data and proposed a maintenance model to detect inconsistencies between physical (possession) and formal (cadastral) land boundaries. In the study, we also developed a workflow for cadastral mapping based on UAV photogrammetric data acquisition and processing, with a focus on manual and automatic boundary delineations, which was compared to the mapping results using conventional ground-based land surveying techniques. The results of our study demonstrated that UAV-based mapping of land boundaries was faster and more efficient than traditional methods and produced accurate results, making it a cost-effective tool for cadastral applications. The proposed workflow for cadastral mapping using UAV photogrammetry involves detecting visible land boundaries, data georeferencing, accuracy assessment, vectorising the predicted boundaries, and revising the existing cadastral maps by comparison to the acquired data. Although tested with UAV imagery, this approach can also be used for satellite or other aerial imagery. It has been shown that this method is efficient and cost-effective in identifying areas that require updates in cadastral maps. The detected visible land boundaries can serve as input data for updating cadastral maps or other cadastral data. However, it is important to note that the identified visible land boundaries do not represent the final cadastral boundaries but rather preliminary boundaries for quick analysis of the quality of cadastral maps and their consistency with the land possession boundaries. The maintenance of cadastral systems is a significant issue in developed countries, and this automated approach could help narrow down the challenge for national cadastral agencies by identifying areas where cadastral updates are needed. Although automatic methods are faster but less accurate than conventional cadastral surveying, combining them with manual corrections can provide high accuracy while reducing user effort.
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