Everzija petnice pri teku kot dejavnik tveganja za poškodbe : magistrsko delo

Nograšek, Neža (author), Supej, Matej (mentor), Strojnik, Vojko (comentor)

Glavni cilj magistrskega dela je bil spremljanje kinematike petnice v pogojih povečanja hitrosti, povečanja naklonine in pojava utrujenosti, saj je ta pomembna pri nastanku tekaških poškodb. V študijo je bilo vključenih osem preizkušank (starosti 28,38 ± 12,45 leta; telesne višine 167,5 ± 4,57 cm; telesne mase 58,78 ± 6,54 kg), ki se rekreativno ukvarjajo s tekom in imajo prvi stik s podlago preko pete. Biomehansko analizo gibanja petnice smo izvedli s pomočjo namestitve pasivnih označevalcev »Qualisys Sports Marker Set« in »IORfoot Marker Set« ter sistema kamer Qualisys Oqus. Tekaški protokol je obsegal pet enominutnih tekov – pri hitrosti 10 km/h, 12 km/h in 14 km/h po ravnini ter pri hitrosti 10 km/h pri naklonini 5° in 10° navzgor. Po tekaškem protokolu je sledilo 30 minut utrujanja pri 80 % SUrezerva, po katerem smo ponovili tekaški protokol petih tekov. Biomehanska obdelava podatkov je potekala v programih Qualisys Track Manager, Visual 3D in MATLAB. Statistična obdelava podatkov je potekala v programskem okolju RStudio s pomočjo mešanih modelov. Za ugotavljanje statistične značilnosti razlik smo uporabili načrtovane primerjave povprečij s Tukeyevim popravkom. Rezultati so pokazali, da se zaradi utrujenosti koti petnice ob postavitvi noge na podlago, največji kot in celotna amplituda obračanja petnice niso spremenili pri nobenem pogoju teka. Prav tako razlik ni bilo opaziti pri povečanju hitrosti teka. Povečanje naklonine teka za 10° je povečalo kot petnice ob postavitvi noge na podlago (p = 0,02) in zmanjšalo celotno amplitudo obračanja petnice (p = 0,004), ni pa imelo vpliva na največji kot petnice. Ugotovili smo, da utrujenost in povečanje hitrosti teka nista imela vpliva na kinematiko petnice. Vpliv na kinematiko petnice je imelo le povečanje naklonine teka na 10°.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: everzija stopala, biomehanika, kinematika, poškodba, dejavnik tveganja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: FŠ - Faculty of Sport
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151691
• COBISS.SI-ID: 173239043
• Publication date in RUL: 17.10.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Heel Eversion in Running as a Risk Factor for Injuries

Abstract

The main goal of this master's thesis was to monitor the kinematics of heel under conditions of increased speed, increased inclination, and the occurrence of fatigue, as it is an important cause of the occurrence of running-related injuries. Eight test subjects (age: 28.38 ± 12.45 years; body height: 167.5 ± 4.57 cm; body weight: 58.78 ± 6.54 kg) participated in this study. They were all recreational runners and heel strikers. The biomechanical analysis of heel movement was performed using the passive markers "Qualisys Sports Marker Set", and "IORfoot Marker Set" as well as the Qualisys Oqus camera system. The running protocol consisted of five one-minute runs – at speeds of 10 km/h, 12 km/h and 14 km/h on flat terrain, and at a speed of 10 km/h on slopes at 5° and 10° inclines. The running protocol was followed by 30 minutes of fatigue session at 80% HRreserve, after which the running protocol of five runs was repeated. Biomechanical data processing took place in Qualisys Track Manager, Visual 3D and MATLAB programs. Statistical data processing took place in the RStudio software environment with the help of mixed models. Planned comparisons of means using Tukey's correction were used to determine the statistical significance of differences. The results showed that due to fatigue, the heel strike angle, the maximum angle and the total heel eversion amplitude did not change in any running condition. Also, no differences were observed with the increase of running speed. Increasing the running incline by 10° increased the heel strike angle (p = 0.02) and decreased the overall heel eversion amplitude (p = 0.004) but had no effect on the maximum angle. The study found that fatigue and increasing running speed had no effect on heel kinematics. The heel kinematics was influenced only by running at 10º slope.

• Keywords: foot eversion, biomechanics, kinematics, injuries, risk factor