Učinki nošenja opornic na obravnavo hallux valgusa - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Rajgl, Anja (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Grapar Žargi, Tina (co-mentor), Hlebš, Sonja (reviewer)

Uvod: Hallux valgus je ena izmed najpogostejših patologij sprednjega dela stopal. Gre za progresivno stanje, ki je lahko simptomatsko ali asimptomatsko. Na področju haluksa se lahko pojavi razdraženost kože, žulji, otiščanci, razjede in nevrološke motnje, kar vpliva na pacientovo kakovost življenja. Deformacija prvega nožnega prsta se pogosteje pojavlja pri ženskah, ki nosijo ozke čevlje z visoko peto. Zdravljenje je lahko operativno ali konservativno, kamor med drugim spada tudi nošenje različnih opornic, kot so ločilniki prstov, dinamične in statične ortoze in vložki. Uporaba različnih opornic je smiselna predvsem takrat, ko še ni prišlo do rigidnosti ali zatrdelosti sklepov. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil ugotoviti učinkovitost različnih opornic na zmanjšanje kota hallux valgusa, na zmanjšanje bolečine ter vpliva na pacientovo zadovoljstvo. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela s pregledom in analizo strokovne ter znanstvene literature. Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, ScienceDirect in CINAHL. Vsi članki so prosto dostopni na spletu. Raziskave so bile v pregled literature vključene na podlagi vključitvenih in izključitvenih kriterijev. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih šest raziskav, ki so proučevale vpliv različnih opornic na zmanjšanje kota hallux valgusa, bolečino in vpliv na zadovoljstvo pacienta. V treh raziskavah so ugotovili zmanjšanje kota hallux valgusa. Na podlagi rezultatov so avtorji petih raziskav opazili zmanjšanje bolečine v področju sprednjega dela stopala. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da je nošenje vložkov, opornic in ločilnikov prstov pripomoglo k zmanjšanju bolečine na predelu haluksa, kar pomeni, da je njihova uporaba v konservativnem zdravljenju smiselna. Zmanjšanje bolečine in kota hallux valgusa pozitivno vpliva na pacientov odnos do nošenja opornic, s čimer se dvigne tudi kakovost njegovega življenja. Poleg nošenja opornic je priporočljiva uporaba čevljev z ravnim podplatom, ki so dovolj široki v sprednjem delu in ne omejujejo gibanja nožnih prstov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, hallux valgus, konservativno zdravljenje, opornice
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Rajgl]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 26 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151648
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 168458755
• Publication date in RUL: 14.10.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effects of splints wearing on the treatment of hallux valgus - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Hallux valgus is one of the most common pathologies of the front part of the feet. It is a progressive condition that can be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Skin irritation, blisters, calluses, ulcers and neurological disorders can occur in the hallux area, which affects the patient's quality of life. Deformity of the first toe occurs more often in women who wear narrow shoes with a high heel. Treatment can be operative or conservative, which also includes wearing various kinds of splints, such as toe separators, dynamic and static orthoses and insoles. The use of various orthoses makes sense especially when the joints have not yet become rigid or stiff. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis was to determine the effectiveness of different braces on reducing the angle of hallux valgus, reducing pain, and affecting patient satisfaction. Methods: In the diploma work, a descriptive method of work was used with a review and analysis of professional and scientific literature. Literature was searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect and CINAHL databases. All articles are available online for free. Studies were included in the literature review based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Six studies were included in the literature review which examined the effect of different braces on the reduction of the hallux valgus angle, pain and the effect on patient satisfaction. A reduction in the hallux valgus angle was found in three studies. Based on the results, authors of five studies observed a reduction of pain in front part of the feet. Discussion and conclusion: The results show that wearing insoles, splints and toe separators has helped reduce pain in the hallux area, which means that their use in conservative treatment is reasonable. Reducing pain and hallux valgus angle has a positive effect on the patient's attitude towards wearing braces, which also improves the quality of their life. Beside wearing braces, it is recommended to use shoes with flat sole and wide toe box, which do not restrict toes movement.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, hallux valgus, conservative treatment, splints