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Ex-core neutron detector response in a typical PWR nuclear power plant
ID Goričanec, Tanja (Author), ID Snoj, Luka (Mentor) More about this mentor... This link opens in a new window, ID Kromar, Marjan (Comentor)

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Abstract
For safe and continuous operation of nuclear power plant, it is important to accurately control the reactivity. Reactivity in a typical pressurized water reactor is controlled by boric acid dissolved in the moderator, the control rods, and the burnable absorbers present in the core. The control rod reactivity worth is a safety related physical reactor parameter and can be determined by calculations and by measurements. One of the methods for measuring control rod worth is the rod insertion method, in which the change of neutron population is measured with a neutron detector positioned outside the reactor core during the continuous insertion of a control rod bank. As the control rod moves, the neutron and power distribution in the reactor core changes. This redistribution can alter the reading of the ex-core detectors, resulting in a nonlinear determination of the control rod reactivity worth. To evaluate the response of the ex-core detector and the redistributions due to the control rod movement, a detailed model of the reactor core geometry of the Krško nuclear power plant with the surrounding structures was developed as part of the dissertation. The developed models were used with state-of-the-art neutron transport methods and programs. The major part of this work deals with sensitivity analysis, verification and validation of the developed methods and models. The methods and models developed in this work were used to calculate the axial neutron flux and reaction rate redistribution factors and used them to analyse the rod insertion method measurements. The possibility to use intermediate-range detectors for rod insertion measurements is presented. Comparison with the boron dilution measurements confirmed good agreement in the control rod worth within 2 %. The obtained axial reaction rate redistribution factors and measurements with intermediate-range detectors can be used to update the analysis of the rod insertion method and to improve the determination of the control rod reactivity worth. The work presents a novelty in the neutron transport calculations of nuclear power plants and opens up a wide variety of possible implementations in the future.

Language:English
Keywords:PWR, MCNP, ADVANTG, Monte Carlo, neutron transport, neutron detector, control rod worth, redistribution factors, NEK, earthquake
Work type:Doctoral dissertation
Typology:2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:FMF - Faculty of Mathematics and Physics
Year:2023
PID:20.500.12556/RUL-151613 This link opens in a new window
COBISS.SI-ID:168063747 This link opens in a new window
Publication date in RUL:12.10.2023
Views:780
Downloads:97
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Secondary language

Language:Slovenian
Title:Odziv zunaj-središčnih detektorjev nevtronov v tipičnem tlačnovodnem jedrskem reaktorju
Abstract:
Za varno in neprekinjeno obratovanje jedrskega reaktorja je pomembno natančno uravnavati reaktivnost. V tipičnem tlačnovodnem jedrskem reaktorju se reaktivnost nadzoruje z borovo kislino raztopljeno v moderatorju, kontrolnimi palicami in gorljivimi strupi v sredici. Vrednost kontrolnih palic je varnostni fizikalni parameter, ki se ga lahko izmeri in izračuna. Ena izmed metod meritve vrednosti kontrolnih palic je metoda vstavitve. Pri metodi vstavitve z nevtronskim detektorjem postavljenim izven sredice merimo spremembo nevtronske populacije med neprekinjenim spuščanjem svežnja kontrolnih palic. S premikanjem kontrolnih palic se spremeni porazdelitev nevtronov in moči znotraj reaktorske sredice. Te redistribucije lahko spremenijo odziv zunaj-središčnega detektorja nevtronov, kar lahko privede do ne-linearne meritve vrednosti kontrolnih palic. Z namenom ocene odziva zunaj-središčnih detektorjev nevtronov in redistribucij zaradi premikanja kontrolnih palic sem v okviru doktorske teze pripravila natančen geometrijski model sredice Nuklearne elektrarne Krško in okoliških struktur znotraj zadrževalnega hrama, za uporabo z najnaprednejšimi metodami in programi za transport nevtronov. Velik del doktorata je posvečenega občutljivostni analizi ter verifikaciji in validaciji razvitih modelov in metod. Izračunala sem aksialno odvisne faktorje redistribucije nevtronskega fluksa in reakcijske hitrosti ob premikanju kontrolnih palic in jih uporabila za analizo meritev preko metode vstavitve. Predstavila sem možnost uporabe detektorjev vmesnega območja za meritve vrednosti kontrolnih palic preko metode vstavitve. Primerjava z meritvami preko metode dilucije borove kisline je potrdila dobro ujemanje izmerjenih vrednosti kontrolnih palic znotraj 2 %. Aksialno odvisni faktorji redistribucije reakcijske hitrosti in uporaba detektorjev vmesnega območja lahko služijo za posodobitev metode vstavitve in tako natančnejšo meritev vrednosti kontrolnih palic. Delo predstavlja inovativni postopek pri nevtronskih izračunih močnostnih reaktorjev in odpira številne možnosti uporabe v prihodnosti.

Keywords:tlačnovodni jedrski reaktor, MCNP, ADVANTG, Monte Carlo, transport nevtronov, detektor nevtronov, vrednost kontrolnih palic, redistribucijski faktor, NEK, potres

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