Učinki sprostitve mehko-tkivnih struktur v spodnjem delu hrbta z uporabo penastega valja pri zdravih preiskovancih : magistrsko delo

Fijavž, Julia (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Frangež, Maja (comentor), Kacin, Alan (reviewer)

Uvod: Fascija je vezivno tkivo, ki obdaja vse mišice, kosti in organe ter jih povezuje v celoto. Predpostavlja se, da lahko disfunkcije fascijalnega sistema privedejo do nelagodja in bolečin ter jih je mogoče nasloviti s tehniko mobilizacije mehkih tkiv s pripomočki. Namen: Ugotoviti, kakšne kratkoročne in dolgoročne učinke ima terapija sprostitve mehko-tkivnih struktur z uporabo penastega valja na prag bolečine na pritisk in obseg gibljivosti ledvenega dela hrbtenice pri zdravih preiskovancih. Metode dela: V raziskavi je sodelovalo 43 zdravih preiskovancev brez težav s hrbtenico, ki so bili naključno razporejeni v eksperimentalno ali kontrolno skupino. Preiskovanci v eksperimentalni skupini so 4 tedne izvajali mobilizacijo mehkih tkiv s pripomočkom – skupno so izvedli 12 terapij. Preiskovanci v kontrolni skupini niso prejeli nobene terapije in niso smeli uporabljati penastega valja do zaključka zbiranja podatkov. Učinke na gibljivost smo merili po modificiranem-modificiranem Schober testu za fleksijo in z merjenjem razdalje od prstov do tal za lateralno fleksijo. Učinke na prag bolečine na pritisk smo merili z uporabo ročnega algometra na pritisk. Meritve smo izvedli pred začetkom terapij, po koncu prve terapije, po koncu dvanajstih terapij in 1, 3 ter 6 mesecev po končanem celotnem sklopu terapij. Rezultati: V eksperimentalni skupini smo po prvi terapiji ugotovili izboljšanje gibljivosti v smeri fleksije (p = 0,03) in lateralne fleksije (p < 0,001), ob koncu celotnega 4-tedenskega programa pa smo zabeležili izboljšanje vseh merjenih spremenljivk (fleksija, lateralna fleksija in algometrija: p < 0,001). Učinki so bili opazni še vsaj 6 mesecev po prenehanju izvajanja terapij (p ? 0,02) in so bili statistično značilno boljši kot v kontrolni skupini (p ? 0,04). Razprava in zaključek: Mobilizacija mehko-tkivnih struktur z uporabo penastega valja vpliva na izboljšanje gibljivosti in na dvig praga bolečine na pritisk na področju ledvene hrbtenice pri zdravih preiskovancih. Učinki so najbolj izraziti po daljšem obdobju izvajanja terapij in so opazni še vsaj 6 mesecev po prenehanju izvajanja terapij. Mehanizmi delovanja mobilizacije mehkih tkiv s pripomočki še niso dobro raziskani. Potrebnih bi bilo več podobnih raziskav, ki bi potrdile dobljene rezultate, in raziskav, ki bi ugotavljale optimalne parametre terapij.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, fizioterapija, fascija, fascijalni sistem, mobilizacija mehkih tkiv s pripomočki, zadnja površinska miofascijalna linija, ledveni del hrbtenice
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [J. Fijavž]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 40 str., [7] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151230
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 167182083
• Publication date in RUL: 01.10.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of lower back self-myofascial release using a foam roller in healthy individuals : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: Fascia is a connective tissue that surrounds and connects all muscles, bones, and organs in the body. It is hypothesized that dysfunctions of the fascial system can lead to discomfort and pain and can be addressed with the soft-tissue mobilization technique with the use of assistive tools. Purpose: To assess the short-term and long-term effects of soft-tissue release using a foam roller on pain threshold and range of motion of the lumbar spine in healthy individuals. Methods: The study involved 43 healthy subjects without back problems, who were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. Subjects in the experimental group underwent soft-tissue mobilization with tools for 4 weeks (a total of 12 therapies). Subjects in the control group did not receive any treatment and were not allowed to use a foam roller until the completion of data collection. We measured the effects on a range of motion using the modified-modified Schober test for flexion and by measuring fingertip-to-floor distance for lateral flexion. Effects on pressure pain threshold were measured using a hand-held pressure algometer. The measurements were performed before the start, after the end of the first therapy, after the end of 12 therapies, and 1, 3, and 6 months after the completion of the entire program. Results: We found an improvement after the first therapy for flexion (p = 0.03) and lateral flexion (p < 0.001) in the experimental group and recorded an improvement in all measured variables (flexion, lateral flexion, and algometry: p < 0.001) at the end of the entire 4-week program. The effects were noticeable for at least 6 months after cessation of the therapies (p ⡤ 0.03) and were statistically significantly better than in the control group (p ⡤ 0.04). Discussion and conclusion: Soft-tissue mobilization using a foam roller improves pressure pain threshold and flexibility of the lumbar spine in healthy individuals. The effects are most prominent after a prolonged period of therapy and are noticeable for at least 6 months after the end of therapies. The mechanisms of action of soft-tissue mobilization with tools are not well understood yet. More similar studies are needed to confirm the obtained results, and to determine the optimal parameters of the therapies.

• Keywords: master's theses, physiotherapy, fascia, fascial system, self-myofascial release, superficial back line, lumbar spine