Klinične in epidemiološke značilnosti Sjögrenove bolezni v Sloveniji v času epidemije SARS-CoV-2

Furjanič, Lara (author), Pirkmajer, Sergej (mentor), Perdan Pirkmajer, Katja (comentor)

Uvod: Zaradi suhosti sluznic, nepravilnega delovanja imunskega sistema in prisotnosti pridruženih bolezenskih stanj se poraja vprašanje o dovzetnosti oseb s Sjögrenovo boleznijo na okužbo s SARS-CoV-2. Namen: Z magistrsko nalogo želimo preveriti, kako so kazalci aktivnosti bolezni ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni, sočasna obolenja ter sočasno potekajoča farmakološka terapija povezani z dovzetnostjo za okužbo s SARS-CoV-2 in težjim potekom COVID-19. Hipoteze: 1) Večja suhost sluznic ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni je povezana z večjim tveganjem za okužbo s SARS-CoV-2. 2) Prisotnost imunoseroloških odklonov ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni je povezana z večjim tveganjem za okužbo s SARS-CoV-2. 3) Večja aktivnost bolezni ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni je povezana z večjim tveganjem za okužbo s SARS-CoV-2. Metode: Retrospektivna raziskava je vključevala 168 bolnikov, katerim smo pregledali elektronsko zdravstveno dokumentacijo ter iskali pogostnost in resnost bolezni COVID-19 med časovnimi mejniki od marca 2020 do februarja 2022. Za opredelitev preiskovane populacije smo uporabili metode opisne statistike. Podatke za skupino bolnikov, ki so preboleli COVID-19, smo primerjali s skupino bolnikov, ki ni prebolela COVID-19. Rezultati: COVID-19 je prebolelo 66 oseb s Sjögrenovo boleznijo. Nismo odkrili razlik v suhosti ustne sluznice med osebami s Sjögrenovo boleznijo, ki so COVID-19 prebolele, in tistimi, ki ga niso (mediana za obe skupini = 2). Značilno sta se ti dve skupini razlikovali le v vrednosti CRP (P = 0,016) ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni. Zaključki: 1) Suhost ustne in očesne sluznice ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni nimata pomembne vloge pri dovzetnosti za okužbo s SARS-CoV-2. 2) Nismo dokazali, da imajo imunoserološki izvidi ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni, pomembno vlogo pri dovzetnosti za SARS-CoV-2. 3) Indeks aktivnosti za Sjögrenovo bolezen po Evropski zvezi združenj za revmatologijo ob postavitvi diagnoze Sjögrenove bolezni, bi težko imel vlogo pri dovzetnosti za SARS-CoV-2, medtem ko smo za CRP in ESR ugotovili, da nimata pomembne vloge pri dovzetnosti za SARS-CoV-2.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: Ključne besede: Sjögrenova bolezen, avtoimunske bolezni, COVID-19, klinične značilnosti COVID-19, cepljenje proti COVID-19.
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Organization: FFA - Faculty of Pharmacy
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151094
• Publication date in RUL: 29.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Sjögren's disease during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic

Abstract

Introduction: Due to mucosal dryness, the malfunction of the immune system and the presence of associated medical conditions, the question arises about the susceptibility of individuals with Sjögren's disease to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Objective: This thesis aims to investigate how indicators of disease activity at the time of Sjögren's disease diagnosis, concomitant conditions, and ongoing pharmacological therapy are related to susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the course of the disease. Hypotheses: 1) Greater dryness of the mucous membranes at the time of Sjögren's disease diagnosis is associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. 2) The presence of immunoserological abnormalities at the time of Sjögren's disease diagnosis is associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. 3) Higher disease activity at the time of Sjögren's disease diagnosis is associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: A retrospective study included 168 patients whose electronic health records were reviewed to assess the frequency and severity of COVID-19 between March 2020 and February 2022. Descriptive statistical methods were used to define the study population. Data for the group of patients who had COVID-19 were compared to the group of patients who had not had COVID-19. Results: Sixtysix individuals with Sjögren's disease had recovered from COVID-19. There were no differences in oral mucous membrane dryness between individuals with Sjögren's disease who had recovered from COVID-19 and those who had not (median for both groups = 2). The two groups differed significantly only in CRP levels (P=0.016) at the time of diagnosis of Sjögren's disease. Conclusions: 1) Dryness of the oral and ocular mucosa at the time of Sjögren's disease diagnosis does not play a significant role in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. 2) We have not demonstrated that immunoserological findings at the time of Sjögren's disease diagnosis play a significant role in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. 3) The European League Against Rheumatism's Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index at the time of Sjögren's syndrome diagnosis would likely have a limited role in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2, whereas we have found that CRP and ESR do not play a significant role in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2.

• Keywords: Keywords: Sjögren's disease, autoimmune disease, COVID-19, clinical characteristics of COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination.