Analiza razlik v vzdržljivosti učencev tretjih razredov v izbrani slovenski in avstrijski osnovni šoli : magistrsko delo

Arh, Saša (author), Gregorc, Jera (mentor)

V magistrskem delu obravnavamo aerobno vzdržljivost, ki predstavlja človekovo funkcionalno sposobnost, da določeno aktivnost opravlja dalj časa, ne da bi jo moral zaradi utrujenosti prekiniti. V osnovni šoli jo razvijamo z različno dolgimi in intenzivnimi teki, s pohodi, tekom na smučeh, plavanjem ipd. Pomembnost razvoja aerobne vzdržljivosti v šoli se je pokazala v času epidemije covida-19. Po vrnitvi v šolo so slovenski učenci glede na rezultate testiranja za športnovzgojni karton nazadovali na vseh področjih merjenja, aerobna vzdržljivost pa je bila najslabša v zgodovini meritev. S tem se je neposredno pokazal pomen izvajanja vzdržljivostnih dejavnosti v šoli. Naslednji pokazatelj pomembnosti pa je načrtovanje teh dejavnosti. Zato smo v tem magistrskem delu uporabili kvalitativno raziskavo, s katero smo primerjali aerobno vzdržljivost učencev tretjih razredov, ki se izobražujejo na dveh šolah s podobnimi geografskimi značilnostmi, a po različnih kurikulumih. Ugotavljali smo pomen načrtovanja in izvajanja aerobnih dejavnosti. V vzorec smo zajeli dve ustanovi, in sicer eno slovensko in eno avstrijsko osnovno šolo. Analizirali smo dokumentacijo, izvedli intervjuje in testirali učence z Beep testom za merjenje aerobne moči. Analiza dokumentov je pokazala, da je slovenska dokumentacija obsežnejša, bolj strukturirana in bolj specifična kot avstrijska. Slovenski učni načrt predpisuje eno uro športa na teden več kot avstrijski, opredeljene pa ima tudi športne dneve ter šolo v naravi, česar v avstrijskem učnem načrtu nismo zaznali. Učiteljice so si enotne v pripisovanju velikega pomena gibanju in vzdržljivosti, medtem ko se jim načrtovanje ne zdi najpomembnejše. Slovenski učenci so na testu vzdržljivosti dosegli skoraj 7 podstopenj več kot avstrijski. Neparametrični Mann-Whitney U-test pa je pokazal, da so razlike statistično pomembne (U = 373,0; p = 0,028). Zaradi majhnega vzorca rezultatov ne moremo posplošiti na osnovno množico. Predlagamo, da se nadaljnje raziskovanje usmeri v primerjave aerobne moči otrok sosednjih držav, v katere se vključi večje število otrok, doda spremljanje otrok v trimesečnem obdobju in kontrolirajo posredni dejavniki, ki vplivajo na vzdržljivost (dodatna vadba, teža in višina otroka ipd.).

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: vzdržljivost, VO2max, Beep test, tretji razred
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: PEF - Faculty of Education
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: S. Arh
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (77 str.))
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-151091
• UDC: 796.012.12:37.011.3-052(043.2)
• DOI: 20.500.12556/RUL-151091
• COBISS.SI-ID: 166427139
• Publication date in RUL: 28.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Analysis of Differences in Endurance of Third Grade Pupils in a Selected Slovenian and an Austrian Primary School

Abstract

The master's thesis discusses aerobic endurance, which represents the functional ability of a person to perform a certain activity for a longer time without having to stop due to fatigue. In elementary school, we develop endurance with variously long and intense runs, hikes, cross-country skiing, swimming, etc. The importance of developing aerobic endurance at school was clearly shown during the COVID-19 epidemic. After returning to school, the results of the sports training card test showed Slovenian students declined in all areas of measurement, and aerobic endurance was the worst in the history of these measurements. This directly demonstrated the importance of carrying out endurance activities at school. The next indicator of importance is the planning of these activities. Therefore, in this master's thesis, qualitative research was used, which compared the aerobic endurance of third-grade students of two different schools with similar geographical characteristics, but with different curriculum. We tried to determine the importance of planning and performing aerobic activities. We included two schools, one Slovenian and one Austrian elementary school. We analyzed the documentation, conducted interviews and tested the students with the Beep test for measuring aerobic strength. The analysis of the documents showed that the Slovenian documentation is more extensive, more structured and more specific than the Austrian one. The Slovenian curriculum prescribes one hour of sports more per week than the Austrian one, and it also defines sports days and school camps, which were not included in Austria. Female teachers are unanimous in attributing great importance to movement and endurance, while they do not consider planning to be the most significant. Slovenian students scored almost 7 sub-levels more than Austrian students on the endurance test. The non-parametric Mann Whitney U test showed that the differences are statistically significant (U = 373.0, p = 0.028). Due to the small sample, the results cannot be generalized to the general population. We suggest that further research be focused on the comparison of the aerobic strength of children from neighboring countries, in which a larger number of children is included, these children are followed over a 3-month period and indirect factors that affect endurance are checked (additional exercise, weight and height of the child, etc.).

• Keywords: edurance, VO2max, Beep test, third grade