Vloga izolacijskih oblog v jamskih progah Premogovnika Velenje : diplomsko delo

Pirec, Janko (author), Rošer, Janez (mentor)

Vpliv neugodnih naravnih in tehnoloških dejavnikov je v preteklosti povzročal poslabšano požarno stanje v Premogovniku Velenje. Z izvajanjem izolacije jamskih prostorov oziroma njihovih obodnih sten se je število jamskih požarov endogenega izvora izrazito zmanjšalo. Obstoječi tehnološki postopek izdelave izolacijskih del nastopa v obliki preprečevanja kontakta jamskega zraka ter s tem kisika s samovnetljivo premogovo substanco. Ta substanca se nahaja v okolici jamskih prostorov, zruških, razpokah in ostalih prazninah v premogovem stebru. Nadaljnje odkopavanje premoga v Premogovniku Velenje prehaja v vedno večjo globino in talninske predele ob kvalitetni meji, zato so pogoji rudarjenja vedno težji, tehnološki pogoji pa vedno bolj zahtevni. Izredno velik vpliv pa ima tudi medsebojna bližina odkopov. Različni vplivni dejavniki in tehnološke zahteve kot so: mehanske lastnosti hribine, globina, geotehnične razmere vzdolž trase prog, hitrost napredovanja, potrebni svetli profil in ognjevarna zaščita prog vplivajo na projektiranje in izdelovanje jamskih prog. V premogovniku je danes najbolj uveljavljena tehnologija izolacije in izdelave jamskih prog, ki jo podgrajujemo z jeklenim ločnim podporjem v kombinaciji z lesenim opažem in zapolnjevanjem praznih prostorov za opažem z emulgatom iz elektro-filtrskega pepela. Namen izolacijskih oblog je dvojen. Z njim je dosežena večja stabilnost jamskih prostorov, ki se kaže v utrditvi premogovega sloja ter enakomernejša porazdelitev obremenitve po celotnem obodu proge. Glavni namen izolacijskih oblog pa je redukcija oksidacijskih procesov, ki so posledica kontakta kisika s premogom in s tem pojavljanja požarov endogenega izvora. V delu sem predstavil, kako se s predstavljeno problematiko ukvarjajo v premogovnikih v tujini, ter kako to rešujemo v Premogovniku Velenje.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: samovžig premoga, izolacijske obloge, pepelno-cementne mešanice, požarna varnost
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: NTF - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: J. Pirec
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: XII, 35 f.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150745
• UDC: 622
• COBISS.SI-ID: 168498947
• Publication date in RUL: 22.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The role of insulation coatings in the mining roadways of the Velenje coal mine : diploma work

Abstract

In the past, the impact of unfavourable natural and technological factors deteriorated the situation in the Velenje Coal Mine in terms of fire safety. By insulating the mining spaces and their walls, the number of mine fires of endogenous origin has decreased significantly. The existing technological process for the production of insulation works takes the form of preventing the contact of the air in the mine, i.e., oxygen, with the coal substance liable to spontaneous combustion. The latter is found near the mining spaces, collapsed rock formations, cracks and other voids in coal mine pillars. Further, coal mining in the Velenje Coal Mine has progressed to an increasing depth and to areas of footwall by the quality limit, making the mining conditions more difficult and the technological conditions more complex. The mutual proximity of excavation sites also has a significant impact. Various influencing factors and technological requirements such as mechanical properties of the rock, depth, geotechnical conditions along the mining roadways, speed of progression, necessary mining roadways clearance profile and fire protection of the mining roadways affect the design and construction of mining roadways. Nowadays, the most firmly established technology in the coal mine is the insulation and construction of mining roadways, which are supported with a TH type steel arches in combination with wooden formwork and filling the voids behind the formwork with a mixture of fly ash and water. The purpose of insulation coatings is twofold. It contributes to a better stability of the mining constructions which is reflected in a consolidated coal layer and a more even distribution of the load along the entire mining roadway. The main purpose of insulation coatings is the reduction of oxidation processes, which are the result of oxygen coming into contact with coal and thus the occurrence of fires of endogenous origin. The paper discusses the resolution of spontaneous coal combustion in coal mines and outlines approach to addressing this issue at the Velenje Coal Mine.

• Keywords: spontaneous combustion of coal, insulation coatings, ash-cement mixtures, fire safety