Razvrščanje lesa smreke v kakovostne razrede in izkoristek žaganja s horizontalnim tračnim žagalnim strojem

Oražem, Patricija (author), Mihelič, Matevž (mentor)

V diplomski nalogi so predstavljene napake sortimentov smreke, njihova natančna izmera in razvrstitev sortimentov v kakovostne razrede. Izmerili smo 30 sortimentov. Skupni volumen hlodov je znašal 18,19 m³. Sledilo je razžagovanje debel različnih debelinskih stopenj in prikaz izkoristka žaganja s horizontalnim tračnim žagalnim strojem. Dobili smo 13,24 m³ žaganega lesa brez žamanja ter 2,88 m³ lesa za kemično predelavo. Zanimal nas je predvsem izkoristek mehanske predelave. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da so izkoristki žaganega lesa visoki, tudi do 80 %. Povprečni izkoristek uporabnega žaganega lesa je bil 72,79 %. Na kakovostne razrede najbolj vplivajo premer, številčnost in vrsta grčavosti ter koničnost. Na tako visok izkoristek vplivajo predvsem izkušnje upravljalca stroja ter kakovost sortimentov. Ugotovili smo, da se s povečevanjem srednjega premera sortimenta povečuje količina proizvedenega žaganega lesa.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: smreka, kakovostni razredi, izkoristek žaganja, horizontalni tračni žagalni stroj, žagarstvo
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: BF - Biotechnical Faculty
• Publisher: [P. Oražem]
• Year: 2023
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150496
• UDC: 630*3:630*8(043.2)=163.6
• COBISS.SI-ID: 165656323
• Publication date in RUL: 20.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Classification of spruce wood into quality classes and efficiency of sawing with a horizontal band saw

Abstract

In the diploma thesis the defects of the spruce assortments were assessed, with their exact measurement and classification of the assortments into quality classes. In all, 30 assortments were measured with the total volume of 18.19 m³. This was followed by the sawing of logs of different diameter and a measurement of end product with the ambition of attaining the efficiency of sawing with a horizontal band sawing machine. We obtained 13.24 m³ of sawn wood and 2.88 m³ of wood for chemical processing. It has been found that the utilization of sawn wood is very high, even up to 80%. The average yield of usable sawn wood was 72.79 %. The quality classes are most influenced by the logs’ diameter, the number and type of knots and the taper. Such a high efficiency is mainly influenced by the experience of the machine operator and the quality of assortments. We have determined, that the number of ungrown knots on the assortment increases with the increase in the mean diameter of the assortment, and that the amount of sawn wood produced increases with the increase in the mean diameter of the assortment.

• Keywords: spruce, quality classes, sawing efficiency, horizontal band saw machine, sawmilling