The purpose of the diploma thesis was to study the possibility of using two wastes from the
food industry for textile finishing, namely avocado peel as a source of natural dye and eggshell as a source of mordant or agent for the pre-treatment of cotton fabric to increase the sorption of
the natural dye. The research conducted as part of the diploma thesis covered the mordanting
of the cotton fabric with ground eggshell and then the dyeing of non-mordanted and mordanted
fabric with a dye obtained through the aqueous extraction of avocado peel. The colour (CIE L*
a* b*) and reflectance (R) of samples was measured on a reflectance spectrophotometer, and
the colour difference (ΔEab*) and dye uptake (ΔK/S) were determined between the mordant and
non-mordant samples. UV-blocking properties were analysed with a UV-Vis
spectrophotometer. We extracted 100 g/l of powdered avocado peel in distilled water and used
it as a dyeing bath. By diluting the basic extract (100 g/l), we prepared dye baths of different
concentrations, e.g., 20 g/l, 40 g/l and 80 g/l. The results showed that the samples dyed in a
higher contraction of avocado peel extract became darker, redder and yellower. Mordanting
increased the differences in colour, colour strength and UV protection factor (UPF). The highest
UPF values were obtained on cotton fabrics dyed with the highest extract concentration (100
g/l), achieving satisfactory protective properties. The results show that eggshell and avocado peel can be successfully used for the environmentally friendly finishing of textiles.
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