Vpliv urinske inkontinence na nastanek inkontinenčnega dermatitisa pri starejših odraslih : diplomsko delo

Erjavec, Hana (author), Pajnič, Manca (mentor), Vettorazzi, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: Urinska inkontinenca je stanje, ki se vse pogosteje pojavlja pri starejših odraslih. Gre za nenamerno uhajanje urina, ki je največkrat posledica nepravilnega delovanja mišic medeničnega dna. Urinska inkontinenca najpogosteje prizadene starejše ženske in starejše v institucionalnih varstvih. Zgodnje prepoznavanje in odkrivanje simptomov uhajanja urina sta ključnega pomena za uspešno diagnosticiranje in zdravljenje urinske inkontinence. Vseeno pa ostaja večina starejših, ki simptomov uhajanja urina ne priznajo in na ta način ne poiščejo zdravstvene pomoči. Urinska inkontinenca ni življenjsko nevarno stanje, vendar bistveno vpliva na kakovost življenja starejših odraslih, napreduje lahko vse do stanja popolne nezmožnosti zadrževanja urina in lahko poveča stopnjo smrtnosti. Namen: S pomočjo strokovne in znanstvene literature preučiti vpliv urinske inkontinence na nastanek kožnih sprememb anogenitalnega predela in ukrepe za preprečevanje njihovega nastanka. Metode dela: V diplomskem delu je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda dela. Opravljen je bil pregled tuje in domače strokovne in znanstvene literature s področja urinske inkontinence in inkontinenčnega dermatitisa pri starejših odraslih. Literatura je bila iskana v podatkovnih bazah COBISS, CINAHL, PubMed in Medline, s pomočjo slovenskih in angleških ključnih besed: urinska inkontinenca/urinary incontinence, starejši odrasli/older adults, inkontinenčni dermatitis/incontinence-associated dermatitis, integriteta kože/skin integrity, kakovost življenja/quality of life. Rezultati: Zaradi nenehne izpostavljenosti kože anogenitalnega predela z urinom se lahko pri starejših odraslih razvijeta vneta in poškodovana koža anogenitalnega predela. Te poškodbe kože anogenitalnega predela se kažejo kot inkontinenčni dermatitis. Inkontinenčni dermatitis je neprijetno in boleče stanje, ki se ga lahko zamenja s poškodbo zaradi pritiska, saj imata veliko skupnih dejavnikov. Inkontinenčni dermatitis je možno obvladovati z upoštevanjem osnovnih ukrepov obvladovanja stanja urinske inkontinence, z uporabo in redno menjavo visoko vpojnih inkontinenčnih pripomočkov ter izvajanjem kontinuirane nege kože anogenitalnega predela. Razprava in zaključek: Urinska inkontinenca je vse pogostejša težava starejših odraslih. Prevalenca urinske inkontinence se bo s starostjo pri ženskah v prihodnosti le še povečala zaradi vse višje življenjske dobe, zato je pomembno, da ji namenimo pozornost.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, zdravstvena nega, starejši odrasli, anogenitalni predel, inkontinenčni pripomočki
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [H. Erjavec]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 28 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-150107
• UDC: 616-083
• COBISS.SI-ID: 164457731
• Publication date in RUL: 14.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The impact of urinary incontinence on the development of incontinence dermatitis in older adults : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary incontinence is a condition that is increasingly common in older adults. It is the involuntary leakage of urine, most often caused by dysfunction of the pelvic floor muscles. Urinary incontinence most commonly affects older women and the elderly in institutional care. Early recognition and diagnosis of urinary leakage symptoms are key to the successful diagnosis and treatment of urinary incontinence. However, there remains a majority of elderly who do not recognize the symptoms of urinary leakage and do not seek medical help in this way. Urinary incontinence is not a life-threatening condition, but it significantly affects the quality of life of older adults, can progress to a state of total incontinence and can increase mortality. Purpose: The purpose of the diploma work is to study the impact of urinary incontinence on the development of anogenital skin changes and prevention strategies with the help of professional and scientific literature. Methods: In diploma work, the descriptive method was used. A review of relevant literature on urinary incontinence and incontinence dermatitis in older adults was analyzed. The literature was searched with the COBISS, CINAHL, PubMed and Medline databases using the following keywords: urinary incontinence, older adults, incontinence-associated dermatitis, skin integrity, quality of life. Results: Older adults can develop inflammation and damage to the anogenital skin as a result of constant exposure of the anogenital skin to urine. This damage to the skin of the anogenital area is shown as incontinence dermatitis. Incontinence dermatitis is an uncomfortable and painful condition that can be mistaken for a pressure injury, as the two have many factors in common. Incontinence dermatitis can be managed by following the recommended basic management measures for urinary incontinence, by using and regularly changing highly absorbent incontinence pads and by practicing continuous anogenital skin care. Discussion and conclusion: Urinary incontinence is an aging problem for older adults. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in women will increase with age in the future, due to increasing life expectancy, so it is important to pay attention to it.

• Keywords: diploma theses, nursing care, older adults, anogenital area, incontinence pads