The goal of regenerative medicine is to restore the function of damaged organs and tissues, which can also be achieved through the stimulation of endogenous regeneration. This represents an alternative to the proliferation of stem cells and their transplantation into the damaged tissue. In this process, we induce mechanisms of transdifferentiation and dedifferentiation from undamaged tissue cells using various transcription factors to obtain cells capable of proliferation or replacing lost cell types. The main limitation of these approaches lies in methods of transcription factors delivery and limited knowledge on functions of transcription factors, which induce cell reprogramming. Nevertheless, various methods with the potential for clinical use are already being developed.
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