Water pollution is an increasing problem for human health, quality of life and the functioning of ecosystems as a whole. Many techniques are used to address polluted waters, some of which are often ineffective, expensive and outdated. Biosorption is a relatively new method of water treatment that offers numerous advantages and has significant potential. It is a physico-chemical process involving the processes of bioaccumulation and bioadsorption. Bioadsorption is a metabolism-independent binding of dissolved sorbate to the cell wall of the bioadsorbent, while bioaccumulation is a metabolism- dependent process involving the absorption of sorbate into the interior of the cell. In this case, the sorbate is a specific pollutant and the bioadsorbent is a specific microorganism. Bacteria, algae and fungi are most commonly used for biosorption. Fungal pellets are small spherical structures that form under certain fungal growth conditions. The aim of this thesis is to present the problem of water pollution, some main pollutants, the advantages of biosorption and the use of fungal pellets, as well as to concisely present the results of certain studies conducted in this field.
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