Učinki ekscentrične vadbe na zmogljivost mišic spodnjega uda po rekonstrukciji sprednje križne vezi: pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Končan, Dejan (author), Kacin, Alan (mentor), Vauhnik, Renata (reviewer)

Uvod: Sprednja križna vez je glavni pasivni stabilizator za preprečevanje anteriorne translacije golenice na stegnenici. Do pretrganja sprednje križne vezi pride pogosteje pri telesno dejavnih mladih odraslih, predvsem pri amaterskih, rekreativnih in poklicnih športnikih. Rekonstrukcija sprednje križne vezi z odvzemom presadka iz ene od lastnih mišičnih tetiv je pogost poseg. Po operaciji nastane zlasti atrofija mišice kvadriceps femoris, ki je posledica živčno-mišične inhibicije, poškodbe tkiva, pooperativnega vnetja in daljše imobilizacije. Ekscentrična vadba lahko poveča prirast mišične mase in jakosti kvadricepsa po rekonstrukciji sprednje križne vezi. Namen: Na podlagi strokovne literature ugotoviti učinke ekscentrične vadbe na zmogljivost mišic spodnjih udov po rekonstrukciji sprednje križne vezi. Metode dela: Literaturo smo iskali v podatkovnih zbirkah PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect in Springer Link. Uporabljene so bile naslednje ključne besede in njihove kombinacije: ACL anatomy and function, ACL reconstruction, ACL rupture rehabilitation, eccentric exercise in rehabilitation, ACL reconstruction and eccentric exercise. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih sedem raziskav. V vseh raziskavah je bila ekscentrična vadba vključena v program rehabilitacije po rekonstrukciji sprednje križne vezi. Ugotovili so, da lahko ekscentrična vadba poveča volumen in jakost kvadricepsa operiranega spodnjega uda in izboljša funkcijsko zmogljivost spodnjih udov. Izjema je bila ena raziskava, v kateri med obema vadbenima skupinama ni bilo statistično pomembnih razlik v izboljšanju jakosti kvadricepsa. Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati analiziranih raziskav so potrdili varnost in učinkovitost uporabe ekscentrične vadbe v rehabilitaciji v pooperativnem obdobju po ACL-R. Ekscentrična vadba vpliva na povečanje mišične mase in izboljšanje jakosti mišic kvadriceps femoris in gluteus maksimus, prav tako pa vpliva tudi na izboljšanje funkcije spodnjih udov.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, sprednja križna vez, rekonstrukcija sprednje križne vezi, ekscentrična vadba
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [D. Končan]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 29 str., [5] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149362
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163640067
• Publication date in RUL: 07.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The effects of eccentric training on muscle capacity of lower limbs after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament is the main passive stabilizer against anterior translation of the tibia on the femur. The anterior cruciate ligament rupture occurs more frequently in physically active young adults, mainly amateur, recreational and professional athletes. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction by taking a graft from one of your own muscle tendons is a common procedure. After operation muscle atrophy occurs. The loss of muscle mass is attributed to impaired neuromuscular function, tissue injuries, postsurgery inflammation and postsurgery immobilization. The application of an eccentric resistance exercises may increase quadriceps muscle size and strength after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Purpose: To establish effectiveness of eccentric exercise training on capacity of lower limb muscles after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction based on review of professional literature. Methods: We searched the literature in the databases PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect and Springer Link. The following keywords and their combinations were used: ACL anatomy and function, ACL reconstruction, ACL rupture rehabilitation, eccentric exercise in rehabilitation, ACL reconstruction and eccentric exercise. Results: 7 studies were included in the literature review. In all selected studies eccentric exercise was part of a rehabilitation program after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. They found that eccentric exercise can increase the volume and strength of the quadriceps of the operated lower limb and improve the functional capacity of the lower limbs. The exception was one study in which there were no statistically significant differences in quadriceps strength improvement between the two exercise groups. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the analysed studies confirmed the safety and effectiveness of eccentric exercise in rehabilitation in the post-operative period after ACL-R. Eccentric exercise has the effect of increasing muscle mass and improving the strength of the quadriceps femoris and gluteus maximus muscles, as well as improving the function of the lower limbs.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, anterior cruciate ligament, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, eccentric exercise