The aim of this master`s thesis was to determine whether gluten-free (GF) diet impacts performance, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and consumption of dietary supplements in recreational cyclists. We recruited 17 recreational cyclists who were following specific nutritional plan and practices for one month. Before and after the research they took the Conconi test and filled in a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a questionnaire to assess their GI symptoms. We divided them in two groups, one that followed a GF diet (intervention group) and one on an ordinary diet (control group). Participants who followed a GF diet received three gluten-free meals a day. Results show that there was no statistical difference in consumption of any food group or macronutrients, but we did notice statistical difference in consumption of protein, carbohydrates, energy and dietary fiber in all participants, before/after the intervention (p<0,05). There was no statistical difference in GI symptoms between two groups after the intervention or with all participants before/after the intervention. Nevertheless, a few participants on the GF diet did report improved GI symptoms such as heartburn, flatulence, belching and bloating during intervention, when they were not active. Some participants on a GF diet did report increased consumption of supplements for enhancing muscle mass but again, there was no statistical difference. Those on ordinary diet showed greater increase in sports performance before/after the research (p=0,032). Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2_max) did not improve during research with all participants. Results of the Conconi test showed that GF diet has a negative impact on sports performance. Our sample was too small to generalize it to all people, so doing this research once again with more participants would be beneficial.
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