Učinki dinamične nevromišične stabilizacije na aktivacijo in hipertrofijo globokih mišic trupa - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Rodič, Barbara (author), Vauhnik, Renata (mentor), Petrič, Maja (co-mentor), Hlebš, Sonja (reviewer)

Uvod: Dinamična nevromišična stabilizacija je metoda, ki temelji na aktivaciji celotnega stabilizacijskega sistema trupa ter vpliva na vzpostavitev idealnega znotrajtrebušnega pritiska ob posnemanju gibalnih vzorcev iz zgodnjega življenjskega obdobja. Uporablja se lahko pri osebah z bolečinami, preobremenitvijo sklepov ali drugimi nepravilnostmi. Pri ohranjanju stabilnosti imajo pomembno vlogo globoke mišice trupa, ki vzdržujejo stabilnost hrbtenice med dejavnostmi, kot so dvigovanje, prenašanje, potiskanje in vlečenje bremen, kot tudi med gibanjem udov, pomembno vlogo pa imajo tudi pri dinamiki dihanja. Vadba lahko vpliva na velikost in zmogljivost teh mišic, ki se ob pojavu bolečine ali poškodbe počasneje aktivirajo in pogosto tudi atrofirajo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil s pregledom literature raziskati vpliv pristopa dinamične nevromišične stabilizacije na aktivacijo in hipertrofijo globokih stabilizatorjev trupa. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovni zbirki PubMed. Izbrani so bili članki v angleškem jeziku, objavljeni v obdobju 2012−2023, v katerih so avtorji raziskovali vpliv dinamične nevromišične stabilizacije na aktivacijo in hipertrofijo globokih stabilizatorjev trupa. Kakovost raziskav je bila ocenjena z lestvico PEDro, raziskave pa so bile analizirane glede na vpliv DNS na spremembo aktivacije in debeline mišice transversus abdominis pri zdravih osebah in posameznikih z različnimi boleznimi ter glede na razlike med učinki DNS in drugimi konvencionalnimi oblikami stabilizacije. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih šest raziskav, ki so vključevale skupino 178 preiskovancev. V raziskavah so bile merjene debelina, aktivacija in čas aktivacije mišice transversus abdominis, stabilnost trupa in/ali napetost trebušne stene. Najpogosteje uporabljeni merilni orodji sta bila površinska elektromiografija in diagnostični ultrazvok. V vseh izbranih raziskavah je prišlo do statistično značilnih razlik (p < 0,05) med začetno in končno meritvijo debeline in aktivacije mišice transversus abdominis, stabilnosti trupa, časa prilagoditve drže ter napetosti trebušne stene. Ugotovljene so bile tudi nekatere statistično značilne razlike med preučevano metodo in ostalimi oblikami vadb (p < 0,05). Razprava in zaključek: Avtorji pregledanih raziskav ugotavljajo, da je dinamična nevromišična stabilizacija učinkovita pri aktivaciji globokih mišic trupa in vpliva na njihovo hipertrofijo, pomembno vlogo pa ima tudi pri vzpostavljanju stabilnosti trupa pri osebah po možganski kapi ter osebah z multiplo sklerozo in cerebralno paralizo.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, DNS, hipertrofija, aktivacija, globoke mišice trupa, stabilizacija
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [B. Rodič]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 23 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149276
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163550979
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Effects of the dynamic neuromuscular stabilization on deep core muscles activity and hypertrophy - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization is a method based on the activation of the whole trunk stabilization system, which helps to establish ideal intra-abdominal pressure while imitating movement patterns from early life. It can be used for people with pain, joint overload, or other abnormalities. Deep muscles of the trunk play an important role in maintaining stability by keeping the spine stable during different activities. They also are important in breathing dynamics. Exercise can affect the thickness and activity of these muscles, which are slower to activate and often atrophy when pain occurs. Purpose: We wanted to determine the effects of the DNS on deep core muscles activity and hypertrophy based on a review of the literature. Methods: The literature search was completed in the PubMed database. Articles published between 2012 and 2023 were selected in which the authors investigated the effects of the DNS on the activity and hypertrophy of the deep trunk stabilisers. The quality of the studies was assessed using the PEDro scale. The studies were analysed regarding the effect of DNS on changes in activity and thickness of the transversus abdominis muscle in healthy subjects and individuals with various abnormalities, and the differences between the effects of DNS and other conventional methods of stabilization. Results: Six studies were included in the literature review, involving 178 subjects. The studies measured the thickness, activity and activation time of the transversus abdominis muscle, trunk stability and/or abdominal wall tension. The most commonly used measurement tools were surface electromyography and diagnostic ultrasound. In all selected studies, there were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between baseline and end-point measures of transversus abdominis muscle thickness and activity, trunk stability, postural adjustment time and abdominal wall tension. There were also some statistically significant differences between the method studied and other forms of exercise (p < 0.05). Discussion and conclusion: The authors of the reviewed studies conclude that DNS is effective in activating the deep muscles of the trunk and affecting their hypertrophy and plays an important role in establishing stability in people after stroke, individuals with multiple sclerosis and cerebral palsy.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, DNS, hypertrophy, activation, deep trunk muscles, stabilization