Primerjava aerobne vadbe in vadbe proti uporu pri obravnavi migrenskih glavobolov - pregled literature : diplomsko delo

Kavčič, Ana (author), Hlebš, Sonja (mentor), Weber, Daša (comentor), Hiti, Nina (reviewer)

Uvod: Migrena je pogosta nevrološka motnja, ki za posameznike predstavlja veliko breme. V akutni fazi se lahko migreno zdravi s farmakološkimi ali nefarmakološkimi sredstvi. Profilaktična zdravila so pogosto uporabljena ter učinkovita metoda za obvladovanje migrene, vendar je treba pri tem upoštevati možne stranske učinke. Zato so bili predlagani številni nefarmakološki ukrepi. Eden izmed teh je telesna vadba, ki se že uporablja za zdravljenje drugih kroničnih motenj. Nedavne klinične raziskave z različnimi protokoli vadbe so se sicer izkazale za učinkovite pri obvladovanju migrene, vendar pa točna vloga vadbe pri preprečevanju migrene do danes še ni povsem jasna. Možni mehanizmi delovanja vadbe, ki ugodno vplivajo na migreno, vključujejo opiodni, endokanabinoidni sistem, vnetne ter psihološke dejavnike. V literaturi pa prav tako primanjkuje neposrednih primerjav med vplivi različnih vadbenih intervencij na migreno. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil raziskati in med seboj primerjati vplive aerobne vadbe in vadbe proti uporu ter vrednotiti vadbo kot možnost za lajšanje migrene. Metode dela: Iskanje literature je potekalo v podatkovnih bazah PubMed ter Cochrane Library. V pregled literature je bilo vključenih 6 randomiziranih nadzorovanih raziskav, ki so vključevale program aerobne vadbe ali vadbe proti uporu. Rezultati: V vseh raziskavah so prišli do statistično značilnih rezultatov, vendar so se ti razlikovali glede na izbran program vadbe. Aerobna vadba je statistično značilno vplivala na pogostost migrene ter kakovost življenja, v primeru zmerne intenzitete pa tudi na trajanje in intenziteto migrene ter tesnobo. Vadba proti uporu je statistično značilno zmanjšala vse indekse migrene kot tudi izboljšala kakovost življenja ter tesnobo in depresijo. Razprava in zaključek: Nefarmakološko obvladovanje migrene z vadbo je učinkovito, saj lajša njen potek in simptome, pri tem pa ne sproži neželenih učinkov. Tako aerobna kot anaerobna vadba pozitivno vplivata na parametre migrene, telesno zmogljivost ter splošno dobro počutje posameznika. Vadba proti uporu ter aerobna vadba visoke intenzitete sta se med primerjanimi vadbami izkazali za najučinkovitejši. V prihodnje bi bilo potrebnih več raziskav, ki bi se osredotočale na primerjavo aerobne vadbe in vadbe proti uporu pri pacientih z migreno, ter raziskav, kjer bi natančneje preiskovali možne mehanizme delovanja telesne dejavnosti pri posameznikih z migreno.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: diplomska dela, fizioterapija, glavobol, obvladovanje migrene, aerobna vadba, vadba proti uporu
• Work type: Bachelor thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [A. Kavčič]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 27 str.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149269
• UDC: 615.8
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163442179
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2023

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: The efficacy of aerobic exercise versus strength training in the treatment of migraine - literature review : diploma work

Abstract

Introduction: Migraine is a common neurological disorder that causes great distress to individuals. In its acute phase migraine can be treated with pharmacological or non-pharmacological agents. Prophylactic medications are therefore a widely used and effective method of relieving migraine, although potential side effects must be considered. Consequently, many non-pharmacological treatment options have been proposed. One of these is exercise, which is already used to treat other chronic disorders. Recent clinical research using various exercise protocols has been shown to be effective in treating migraine, but the exact role of exercise in migraine prevention is still unclear. Possible mechanisms through which exercise positively effects migraine include opioids, the endocannabinoid system, inflammatory and psychological factors. However, direct comparisons between the effects of different exercise interventions on migraine are still lacking. Purpose: The aim of this work was to investigate and compare the effects of aerobic exercise and resistance training and to evaluate exercise as a possible option to alleviate migraine. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Six randomized controlled trials involving an aerobic or resistance training program were included in this literature review. Results: Statistically significant results were obtained in all studies, however they differed depending on the exercise program chosen. Aerobic exercise had a statistically significant effect on migraine frequency and quality of life, and, at moderate intensity, also on migraine duration and intensity as well as anxiety. Resistance training significantly reduced all migraine indices and improved quality of life along with anxiety and depression. Discussion and conclusion: Exercise as a non-pharmacological treatment option for migraine has been shown to be effective in alleviating the curse and symptoms without inducing adverse effects. Both aerobic and anaerobic exercise have been shown to have a positive effect on migraine indices, physical performance and overall well-being in individuals with migraine. Resistance training and high-intensity aerobic training were found to be the most effective among the exercises compared. Further research is needed in the future to focus on the comparison of aerobic and resistance training in migraineurs and to investigate and reduce the possible mechanisms of action of physical activities in migraine patients.

• Keywords: diploma theses, physiotherapy, headache, migraine treatment, aerobic exercise, resistance training