Kontrola kakovosti osebne varovalne opreme v diagnostični radiologiji : magistrsko delo

Likar, Manca (author), Mekiš, Nejc (mentor), Dolenc, Laura (comentor), Škrk, Damijan (reviewer)

Uvod: V diagnostični radiologiji se število preiskav nenehno povečuje, s tem pa je tesno povezana poklicna izpostavljenost sevanju. Da bi le to zmanjšali na najmanjšo možno, je potrebno uporabljati osebno varovalno opremo, za katero pričakujemo, da je celovita, brez poškodb in napak. Namen: Namen raziskave je bil preveriti celovitost osebne varovalne opreme in ugotoviti, katera metoda za ugotavljanje napak na zaščiti je najučinkovitejša. Poleg tega nas je zanimalo še, kako poškodovana zaščita vpliva na prejeto dozo za osebje. Metode dela: Raziskavo smo izvedli na 64 plaščih. Najprej smo testirali, katera od štirih metod odkrivanja poškodb je najučinkovitejša: vizualni in palpatorni pregled, pregled s svetlobo, pregled z računalniškim tomografom ter pregled z diaskopijo ali rentgenskim slikanjem. V drugem delu smo izmerili dozo za nepoškodovanim in poškodovanim delom istega plašča. Raziskavo smo izvajali v primarnem in sekundarnem snopu sevanja. V primarnem snopu smo uporabili ekspozicijska parametra 100 kV za napetost in 32 mAs za tokovni sunek. V sekundarnem snopu smo poustvarili čim bolj podobne pogoje resničnim. Uporabili smo dva najpogosteje uporabljena protokola in dve velikosti polja za vsak protokol. Dozo smo merili na oddaljenosti 40 centimetrov od vodnega fantoma. Rezultati: Največ, 16 poškodb, smo odkrili z rentgenskim ali diaskopskim pregledom. S CT-jem so bile poškodbe vidne na 15 plaščih, z vizualnim in palpatornim na 11, s svetlobnim virom pa na 6 plaščih. V drugem delu raziskave smo ugotovili, da je bil povprečni delež prepustnosti rentgenskih žarkov za napakami v primarnem snopu najmanjši pri plašču 1 in sicer za 0,5 % in največji pri plašču 31 - 316,6 %. Pri vseh protokolih v sekundarnem snopu sevanja so bile prav tako najmanjše vrednosti izmerjene pri plašču 1 (1,3 %) in največje pri plašču 48 (1643 %). Razprava in zaključek: Rezultati kažejo, da sta najučinkovitejši metodi pregledovanja tisti, pri katerih se uporablja rentgenska svetloba - diaskopija ali klasično rentgensko slikanje in CT pregled. Pri meritvah v primarnem in sekundarnem snopu pa smo ugotovili, da med nepoškodovanim in poškodovanim delom obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike. Iz tega lahko ugotovimo, da ni vsa OVO primerna za nadaljnje delo z viri IOS.

• Language: Slovenian
• Keywords: magistrska dela, radiološka tehnologija, osebna varovalna oprema, kontrola kakovosti, pregledovanje osebne varovalne opreme, zavrnitveni kriteriji, doza sevanja
• Work type: Master's thesis/paper
• Typology: 2.09 - Master's Thesis
• Organization: ZF - Faculty of Health Sciences
• Place of publishing: Ljubljana
• Publisher: [M. Likar]
• Year: 2023
• Number of pages: 56 str., [4] str. pril.
• PID: 20.500.12556/RUL-149266
• UDC: 616-07
• COBISS.SI-ID: 163576835
• Publication date in RUL: 06.09.2023

LIKAR, Manca, 2023, Kontrola kakovosti osebne varovalne opreme v diagnostični radiologiji : magistrsko delo [online]. Master’s thesis. Ljubljana : M. Likar. [Accessed 26 March 2025]. Retrieved from: https://repozitorij.uni-lj.si/IzpisGradiva.php?lang=eng&id=149266

Secondary language

• Language: English
• Title: Quality control of personal protective equipment in diagnostic radiology : master thesis

Abstract

Introduction: In diagnostic radiology, the number of examinations is constantly increasing, and occupational exposure to radiation is closely linked to this. In order to minimise this, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment which is expected to be complete, free from damage and defects. Methods: The study was conducted on 64 lead aprons. Firstly, we tested four methods for detecting defects: visual and palpation examination, light examination, computed tomography (CT) examination, and diascopy or X-ray imaging. In the second part, we measured the dose for undamaged and damaged parts of the same apron. The study was conducted in the primary and secondary radiation beam. In the primary beam, we used exposure parameters of 100 kV for the voltage and 32 mAs for the current surge. In the secondary beam, we recreated conditions as close as possible to reality. We used two commonly used protocols and two field sizes for each protocol. The dose was measured at distance of 40 cm from the water phantom. Results: The most defects (16) were detected using X-ray or diascopic examination. CT examination revealed defects on 15 aprons, while visual and palpation examination detected defects on 11 aprons, and light examination on 6 aprons. In the second part of the study, we found that the average proportion of X-ray transmittance behind the defects in the primary beam was the lowest for Apron 1, at 0.5 %, and the highest for Apron 31, at 316.6%. In all protocols of the secondary beam, the smallest values were measured for Apron 1 (1.3 %) and the largest for Apron 48 (1643 %). Discussion and Conclusion: The results indicate that the most effective methods for examining PPE are those that use X-ray radiation - diascopy or conventional X-ray imaging, as well as CT examination. Regarding measurements in the primary and secondary beams, we found statistically significant differences between undamaged and damaged parts. This suggests that not all PPE is suitable for further work with ionizing radiation sources.

• Keywords: master's theses, radiologic technology, personal protective equipment, quality control, inspection of personal protective equipment, rejection criteria, radiation doses